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Who was Michelangelo Buonarroti?
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
E. A playwright and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language, known for works such as Hamlet and Macbeth.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
What does the term “Renaissance” mean?
"Rebirth" of interest in the classical art, philosophy, and literature of ancient Greece and Rome
Which doctrine emphasized that salvation was by God's grace alone, not human effort?
a) Sola Gratia
b) Sola Scriptura
c) Total Depravity
d) Unconditional Election
a) Sola Gratia
The Council of Trent (1545-1563) rejected the Protestant belief of:
a) The importance of the sacraments
b) The necessity of good works for salvation
c) Scripture alone as the authority
d) The veneration of saints
c) Scripture alone as the authority
According to 16th-century reformers, human nature is considered to be:
a) Redeemable through good works alone
b) Utterly depraved and only reformable by the grace of God
c) Capable of reform through natural reason
d) Inherently pure and untainted by the Fall
b) Utterly depraved and only reformable by the grace of God
What was the main theological issue Henry VIII had with the Pope that led to his break from Rome?
The Pope's refusal to grant Henry VIII a divorce from Catherine of Aragon
Who was the first person to translate the Bible into English?
Daily Double
William Tyndale
Who was the Protestant child-king who ruled from 1547 to 1553?
Edward VI
What major aspect of Roman Catholic doctrine was rejected by Luther and the Reformation?
The necessity of good works for salvation
Which city is often called the cradle of the Renaissance?
A) Rome
B) Venice
C) Milan
D) Florence
D) Florence
What were the core ideas of humanism, and how did they influence Renaissance thought and culture?
A) Humanism emphasized religious devotion and the rejection of worldly matters
B) Humanism advocated for a return to medieval scholasticism, and the desire to excel in understanding cosmological phenomena
C) Humanism focused on the study of classical texts and emphasized the potential of human achievement and rational thought
D) Humanism embraced art and literature, but rejected religious teachings
C) Humanism focused on the study of classical texts and emphasized the potential of human achievement and rational thought
Henry VIII’s divorce from Catherine of Aragon and subsequent marriage to Anne Boleyn triggered a significant religious shift. What was one of the major outcomes of this?
The Church of England was officially established, rejecting the authority of the Pope
What role did John Tetzel play in the early Reformation?
a) He was a major Protestant reformer who challenged the Catholic Church
b) He was the Archbishop of Mainz
c) He was a Dominican friar known for selling indulgences
d) He was the Pope who opposed Martin Luther
c) He was a Dominican friar known for selling indulgences
Who invented movable type printing, and what was its significance for European culture?
Johann Gutenberg invented movable type, revolutionizing the distribution of books and information across Europe
Desiderius Erasmus was critical of the Catholic Church, but unlike Luther, he did not want to break from it. What did he emphasize?
a) The importance of reform within the Church from corrupt clergy
b) The need for justification by faith alone
c) The rejection of papal authority
d) The call for the abolition of the sacraments
a) The importance of reform within the Church from corrupt clergy
Why was Pope Leo X selling indulgences in 1517?
To finance the building of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome
What event in 1521 led to Martin Luther’s excommunication from the Catholic Church?
The Diet of Worms
Who was Niccolo Machiavelli?
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
E. A playwright and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language, known for works such as Hamlet and Macbeth.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
What two ways was the bacterium Yersinia pestis transmitted during the Black Death?
A) Yersinia pestis caused the disease but was not transmitted by fleas
B) Yersinia pestis was transmitted by contaminated food and water
C) Yersinia pestis was transmitted through airborne particles and infected flea bites
D) Yersinia pestis was carried by fleas on rats, which infected cattle and entered into the food supply
C) Yersinia pestis was transmitted through airborne particles and infected flea bites
Who was Raphael?
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
E. A playwright and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language, known for works such as Hamlet and Macbeth.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
Why did Henry VIII seek a divorce from Catherine of Aragon?
She was unable to produce a male heir
Who was Leonardo da Vinci?
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
E. A playwright and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language, known for works such as Hamlet and Macbeth.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
How did the Great Western Schism affect the authority of the Catholic Church?
It weakened the authority of the church by creating multiple popes
How did Martin Luther respond to John Tetzel’s sale of indulgences?
He wrote the Ninety-Five Theses challenging the sale of indulgences
Who was Desiderius Erasmus?
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
E. A playwright and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language, known for works such as Hamlet and Macbeth.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
What was the "Act of Supremacy" in England?
A law that made the King the supreme religious authority
How did the Black Death's decline in population affect the social structure of Europe?
A decrease in population led to labor shortages and the decline of the manorial system
Who was Cosimo de Medici?
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
E. A playwright and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language, known for works such as Hamlet and Macbeth.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
Who was Girolamo Savonarola?
A. A sculptor and painter, known for works like David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling, considered one of the greatest artists of all time.
B. An artist and scientist, famous for works like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa, and known for his deep studies of anatomy, engineering, and the natural world.
C. A political philosopher, best known for The Prince, advocating the use of power and pragmatism by rulers, often viewed as amoral.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
E. A playwright and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language, known for works such as Hamlet and Macbeth.
F. A Dutch scholar, regarded as the "Prince of Humanists," known for his work on the Greek New Testament and his critique of the Catholic Church.
G. An influential Renaissance painter, known for works such as The School of Athens, which exemplified classical ideals and philosophy.
H. A powerful banker who ruled Florence, increasing the Medici family fortune and heavily influencing the city's politics, economy, and culture.
D. A Dominican friar who opposed the corruption of the church and the Medici family, leading a popular but ultimately failed revolt in Florence.
How did trade, commerce, and the wealth of Italian city-states such as Florence and Venice support the Renaissance?
A) The city-states’ wealth enabled them to maintain large armies and expand into new territories
B) Trade contributed to the spread of Renaissance ideas only in Italy
C) The city-states focused on banking, which advanced their involvement in intellectual pursuits, such as engineering and science
D) Wealth from trade allowed for the patronage of artists, architects, and scholars, fostering the growth of the Renaissance
D) Wealth from trade allowed for the patronage of artists, architects, and scholars, fostering the growth of the Renaissance