Causes of Reformation
What were the three main causes of the reformation?
Indulgences and simony
Who was Martin Luther and what did he do?
He found 95 problems with the Catholic Church
What were the effects of the Reformation?
Change in Europe and the Catholic Church
How did Henry VIII attempt to use religion to achieve his personal and political goals?
Created the church of England so he could divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon
What is the definition of inquisitions?
punishing people who did not accept the beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church
What caused the spread of the Reformation?
Printing Press to print ideas and spread them around
Who was John Calvin and what did he do?
Began a church in Geneva, Switzerland
What was the response of the Catholic Church to the reformation?
Council of Trent
Who was John Calvin and what did he do?
French pastor who created a church in Geneva, Switzerland
What is the definition of heresy?
belief or theory that is contradictory to that of the Catholic Church
What 3 abuses of the Catholic Church did people object to in the 1500s?
The sale of indulgences; Church leaders lived lavishly and broke their vows; Priests were not properly trained
Who was Ignatius Loyola and what did he do?
Spanish Catholic priest with six companions who founded the religious order of the Society of Jesus
What was the outcome of the Council of Trent? How long did they meet?
established foundations in faith, religious practice, and disciplinary procedures for Church members. 18 years.
What was one of the main teachings of Calvin?
Believed in the idea of predestination
What is the definition of indulgences?
Indulgences: payment to be forgiven of past sins
Who was Leo X and what did he do?
He wanted the sale of indulgences to raise money to work on the church.
Who was William Tyndale and what did he do?
Translated the Bible into common language so that everyone could read it
What was the Council of Trent?
Council of the Roman Catholic Church to decide doctrine for all members of the church
What three things did the Jesuits do?
spreading the Catholic Church throughout the world, developing schools for the priests, and strengthening the faith and loyalty to the Catholic Church.
What is the definition of vernacular?
using the language of ordinary speech rather than formal writing
Who was Pope Paul III and what did he do?
Called for a council to meet and review the complaints to stop the loss of land, money and people.
Who was Henry VIII and what did he do?
He created the Church of England
What was the treaty of Westphalia?
The event marked the end of the religious wars in Europe and recognized the independence of Protestant states
How many wives did Henry VIII have? Who were they?
6. Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Cathrine Howard, Katherine Parr
What is the definition of protestant?
religious movement in objection to the Catholic Church