Key Vocab
This was a way of paying for forgiveness of sin.
Indulgences
What did Luther post on the door of the church at Wittenberg?
95 Theses
During the Spanish Inquisition, the Catholic Church used __________ to covert Protestants, Muslims, & Jews.
Zwingli and Luther both agreed that the _________was the source for all teaching about the word of God.
Bible
American Scientist Ben Franklin unlocked the secrets of what?
Electricity
The name given to followers of Luther at the beginning and others who disagreed with the Roman Catholic Church.
Protestants
What did Luther say would get you to heaven?
Faith alone.
What did the Catholic Church use the money gained from indulgences from?
To rebuild St. Peter´s Cathedral
Why did Henry VIII leave the Catholic Church and create the Church of England?
The pope refused to give him the divorce.
Which scientist discovered the laws of Gravity & Motion?
Isaac Newton
The _____________ can best be described as a movement to reform the Church that led to the formation of new religious groups.
Reformation
German
What is one belief or practice that is KEPT and one that is THROWN OUT by the Catholic Church after the Counter Reformation?
Kept: Authority of the Pope, Latin Bible, Art inside churches, 7 sacraments
Thrown Out: Indulgences, Corruption
What did the Anabaptists believed about baptism?
They believed in adult baptism, no child baptism since the person had to choose.
Before the scientific revolution scientists believed the solar system was _________ (earth centered) but after they realized it was _________ (sun centered).
Geocentric / Heliocentric
Ideas that go against the main teachings of a religion.
Heresy
What were TWO causes for the Protestant Reformation?
The widespread dissatisfaction with the practices of the Catholic Church, particularly the selling of indulgences and the corruption they practiced.
As a result of the Protestant Reformation, what happened to the Roman Catholic Church?
The Reformation led to a major decline in the Catholic Church's religious and political influence across Europe. Countries like Germany, England, Switzerland, and Scandinavia saw entire regions convert to Protestantism, diminishing the Church's power in those areas.
Fragmentation of Christianity: What had been a unified Western Christianity under the authority of the Pope was now divided. Protestant branches such as Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism emerged, leading to religious pluralism in Europe.
According to______________only those chosen by God would be saved.
John Calvin
Before William Harvey discovered the heart pumps blood, what "fluids" did people believe were in your body?
Humors
Sunni Muslims believed their leader was _________ while Shia Muslims believe their leader was ________.
Caliph / Elected / Abu Bakr
Imam / by Birth / Ali
WHAT was the important invention that helped the Protestantism AND WHO invented it?
The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg around 1440, helped the spread of Protestantism, this invention had a profound impact on the dissemination of ideas and played a crucial role in the success of the Reformation.
The bible was the first book printed.
Which pope was a member of the wealthy and prestigious Medicy family that was head of the church when Luther began the split from the Roman Catholic Church¡?
Leo X
Because of its protection through geography, what country did reformers like Zwingli and Calvin find safety in?
Switzerland
Antoine Lavoisier became the father of what modern scientific study?
Chemistry