Reformation Religions
Two main doctrines of Protestantism
-Faith alone
-Scripture alone/ Sola Scriptura
Known as “the first true pope of the Catholic Counter-Reformation"
Pope Paul IV
Nailed 95 theses to Wittenberg Church and began the Protestant Revolt
Martin Luther
Sailed the ocean blue in 1492, landed in the Bahamas but thought he discovered India.
Christopher Columbus
Name for Spanish conquerors
Conquistadors
This religion began under King Henry VIII, has a hierarchy and one can get divorced. Split from the Catholic Church.
Anglicanism
This society was created to combat the Protestants
The Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
Creator of Anglicanism because he wanted to divorce his wife
King Henry VIII
Italian explorer who the Americas are named after due to his confirmation that the Americas were not Asia but a new continent.
Amerigo Vespucci
Santa Maria, Nina, Pinta
Name 3 things Reformed churches practiced
-baptism & Lord's Supper
-No priesthood
-religious service no mass
Name 3 Catholic monastic orders
Benedictines
Dominicans
Franciscans
Lawyer killed by King Henry VIII for not obeying the Act of Supremacy
Thomas More
Which Portugal citizen sponsored the exploration of the coast of Africa?
Prince Henry the Navigator
What were the three motives for countries to expand?
-New land
-Economic motives
-Religious Zeal
What were the two acts King Henry VIII passed in reaction to the splitting with the Catholic Church?
Act of Supremacy
Act of Treason
St. Francis De Sales
He believed in predestination and started a religion based on it
John Calvin
Dominican friar who spoke out against the treatment of Native Americans.
Bartolome de Las Casa
Explain what the Triangular Trade was.
Connected Europe, Africa, and American continents
-European merchants carried goods, guns, cloth in exchange for slaves
What was the treaty that marked the end of Christian unity in Europe?
Peace of Augsburg
What was the Council called that condemned Protestantism? What were 3 of the clarifications of certain Catholic beliefs?
-Council of Trent
-accepted Nicene Creed as basis for Catholic faith
-7 sacraments
-Lutherism is wrong
-Confirmed transubstantiation
-mass is the true sacrifice
What 3 factors led to the split between Catholic and Protestants
-economic and social changes of the 14th and 15th c.
-financial corruption in the Church
-Desire to know one's salvation
What is Encomienda?
An economic and social system that permitted the conquering Spaniards to collect tribute from the Indians and use them as laborers
Name 3 of the 8 North American Martyrs and how they died
-Isaac Jogues-tomahawked
-Antoine Daniel
-Jean de Brebeuf and Lalemant-burned alive/ tortured
-Goupil-tortured and tomahawked
-Noel Chabanel
-Charles Garnier-shot and tomahawked