Reformtion

Causes

1

[100] Name the Renaissance invention that helped spread the Reformation and explain how it helped

Printing press - easy spread of ideas

2

[100] Explain what the sale of indulgences was and [100] name the monk who was selling them in Wittenberg.

[Bonus 100] Explain where the money was going

Selling special prayers to reduce the time a soul in purgatory / get immediately into heaven.

John/ Johann Tetzel

Archbishop of Mainz / Pope - rebuild St. Peter's basilica 

3

[100 x each abuse] Name and explain the abuses (apart from indulgences) - use SPAIN to help you.

Simony - buying and selling of church positions

Pluralism - having more than one church position

Absenteeism - being absent from your parish for a long period of time

Indulgences (not needed for this question)

Nepotism - appointing relatives to church positions

4

[200] Explain why/ how the Catholic Church was so wealthy?

Land - churches, monasteries

Tithe - 1/10 of a person's income each year

5

[500] Give a detailed explanation of what caused the Reformation (the conditions necessary for Martin Luther's beliefs to be taken seriously by people)

SPAIN - wealth of the church - kings feeling like they had no power (p. 103/104 in book)

Martin Luther 1

1

[3 x 100] Name three ways that Martin Luther publically protested against the abuses of the Catholic Church. [Bonus 100] if you can do it in order

95 theses

Debate with John Eck

Burning of the papal bull

2

[200] Explain how Luther's belief in sacraments differed with that of the Catholic Church.

2 - baptism / communion

7 - confession, confirmation, marriage, last rites, ordination (becoming a priest)

3

[100] Name and explain Martin Luther's main belief - that caused him to protest against the sale of indulgences and [100] what was the Catholic Church's stance on the same subject?

Justification by Faith alone - only faith in God can get you into heaven

Faith and good works (charity, indulgences) needed for heaven

4

[100 x 4] Luther's beliefs - give details about the following:
- language of mass/ bible
- control of the church
- clergy
- bread and wine

- vernacular
- to kings, no church hierarchy needed
- could marry
- is symbolic, does not turn into body and blood of Church

5

[100] Name the Holy Roman Emporer

Charles V

Martin Luther 2

1

[200] After the Diet of Worms (during which Luther refused to recant - this time to the Holy Roman Emperor), what did the Edict of Worms do?

Made Luther an outlaw, said he was a heretic.

[Bonus 100] for defining heretic

2

 100] Name the Pope who was telling Luther to recant

Pope Leo X

3

[300] In 1555, the Peace of Augsburg was signed. What did it say? [Bonus 100] why was this necessary at the time?

Each ruler would choose the religion in their state.

Why? war spread around Europe

4

After the Diet of Worms, Luther was in what castle? [100] and what did he do there? [100]

Wartburg castle and translated the bible into German.

5

[100] In the Papal Bull what was the Pope threatening Martin Luther with

Excommunication - being expelled from the Catholic Church and unable to receive sacraments

Counter-Reformation **

1

[100 x 3] Name the three new religious orders set up.[100] explain why they were set up.
[100] what was different about one of those groups?

Ursuline nuns, capuchin monks, jesuits
to

Why? to reconnect with the faithful - set up schools and hospitals

Jesuits only wanted to educate the sons of wealthy families or nobility

2

[200] why were the courts of inquisition set up?

To arrest, try and punish anyone who was a threat to church teachings / heretics

[Bonus 50] stop the spread of protestantism

3

Council of Trent - teachings [100 x4]
- How many sacraments were in the Catholic Faith
- Could priests now marry
- What language was mass to be said in
- What was a catechism

- 7
- no
- Latin
- rulebook for Catholicism

4

[100 x 4] Name 4 punishments from the courts of inquisition

Auto da fe - burnt at the stake

San benito - wearing a yellow close
Confiscation of property
Fines
Expulsion
Imprisonment

5

Council of Trent [200] how did it want to stop the abuses in the church?

Abuses banned, more strict punishments, seminaries set up to train priests

Results**

1

[50 x 4 ] Name 4 other countries that Protestantism took hold in. [Bonus 100] Name another Protestant reformer

Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, England, Scotland, Wales

Zwingli, Calvin, John Knox, Henry VIII

2

[200] How did education change after the Reformation?

Became important/ improved. Lots of schools set up (Catholic), wanted to be able to read the bible (protestant) - both sides thought that better education would bring more people to their religion.

3

[200] Explain the differences between Catholic and Protestant Church architecture.

Catholic - embellished, decorated, gold, spent a lot on decoration to attract people
Protestant - plain, simple, focus on God (decoration sinful/ wasteful

[Bonus 100] what art movement is associated with lavish catholic churches

4

[100] How did the Pope lose power during the Reformation?

No longer in control in control of protestant territories, lost land (monasteries and churches, tithes in those areas)

5

[200] Name two wars that took place after the Reformation. [Bonus 100] what was the peace treaty that was signed in the 1600s.

Anglo- Spanish War (England (protestant) v Spain (catholic))

30 years war - civil war in the Holy Roman Empire

Peace of Westphalia - restated the same as in Peace of Augsburg (each ruler chose religion of their territory)