Unit 1: Colonial Foundations
This Enlightenment thinker argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
Who is John Locke?
Colonists protested British taxes with this slogan.
What is "No Taxation Without Representation"?
The main cause of the Civil War was conflict over this issue.
What is slavery?
This amendment granted citizenship to formerly enslaved people.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This muckraker exposed problems in the meatpacking industry in The Jungle.
Who is Upton Sinclair?
The _______ colonies benefited most from the exploitation of slave labor to grow cash crops like tobacco and cotton
What is "Southern"
This document declared the colonies' independence from Britain.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
In 1803, This event doubled the size of the United States and accelerated westward expansion.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
This Supreme Court decision upheld segregation under the idea of "separate but equal."
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
These industrialist business leaders were often referred to as "_______ ________" because they amassed massive fortunes through ruthless, anti-competitive business practices, unchecked monopolies, and the severe exploitation of workers and natural resources.
What are "Robber Barons"
The idea that government gets its power from the people is called this.
What is the social contract?
This system prevents one branch of government from becoming too powerful.
What are checks and balances?
This Supreme Court decision ruled that enslaved people were not citizens.
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford?
These laws were passed in the South to limit the rights of freedmen.
What are Black Codes?
This president was known for trust-busting, the Square Deal, and carrying a "big stick"
Who is Theodore Roosevelt?
This legislative body established self-government in the Virginia Colony in 1619
What is the House of Burgesses?
The debate between Federalists and Anti-Federalists led directly to this addition to the Constitution.
What is the Bill of Rights?
This speech by Abraham Lincoln redefined the Civil War as a struggle for equality and preserving democracy.
What is the Gettysburg Address?
Although the 15th Amendment granted African American men the right to vote, many Southern states found ways to prevent them from voting. Name one method used to restrict voting rights.
This constitutional amendment gave women the right to vote nationwide.
What is the 19th Amendment?
'. . . It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is. Those who apply the rule to particular cases, must of necessity expound [explain] and interpret that rule. If two laws conflict with each other, the courts must decide on the operation of each... This is of the very essence of judicial duty. " - Chief Justice John Marshall, majority opinion, Marbury v. Madison, February 24, 1803
Which constitutional principle is illustrated when the Supreme Court declares an act of Congress unconstitutional?
a) judicial review
b) checks and balances
c) separation of powers
d) popular sovereignty
What is Judicial Review.
"The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible." — George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796
This excerpt is most closely associated with a foreign policy of _________
A. neutrality
B. imperialism
C. containment
D. collective security
What is neutrality?
"It being the true intent and meaning of this act not to legislate slavery into any Territory or State, nor to exclude it therefrom, but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic institutions in their own way..."— Adapted from the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
This policy allowed settlers in a territory to vote on whether slavery would be permitted.
A. abolitionism
B. nullification
C. popular sovereignty
D. judicial review
What is popular sovereignty?
Document A
"The 13th Amendment abolished slavery"
Document B
"Southern states passed Black Codes and Jim Crow laws, limiting the freedoms of African Americans"
Choose the option that fits BEST: The relationship between these documents is best described as ___
A. similarity
B. cause and effect
C. turning point
D. historical context
what is cause and effect?
“The worker is more important than the machine, for without the worker the machine is useless.”
— Progressive Era reform sentiment
Which historical development best coincides with the idea expressed in this quotation?
A. the creation of trusts and monopolies during the Gilded Age
B. the expansion of federal land grants to railroad companies
C. the growth of labor unions and strikes in the late 19th century
D. the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
what is the growth of labor unions and strikes in the late 19th century