Colonial Architecture
This medieval type of structure was brought over by colonists from rural districts of England.
What is wattle and daub construction
The reason why a wide range of architectural expression is seen in the United States.
What is- our nation is a far-flung sisterhood of states with varying climates, topographies, and physical resources and with mixed ethnic relationships
This residential structure, originating from South Asia, swept across the nation and pushed out the cottage as the residence of choice
What is a bungalow
This structure was frequently the only choice for settlers of the prairie regions of the Midwest and Great Plains
What is a Sod house
After the Revolution, and especially during this period, porticoes with columns two stories high became the fashion.
the Greek Revival period
French Colonial houses in the upper Mississippi Valley were made up of this simple arrangement.
What is- two or three rooms placed side by side, each with a door opening upon a galerie that extended across the front of the house. Sometimes these galeries flanked two sides of the structure and often completely surrounded the house.
This feature became popular in Southern architecture to take advantage of the summer winds and to provide a cool space for inhabitants
What is a dogtrot porch
The Spanish, although not borrowing any forms from indigenous Aztec architecture, utilized this in the development of Mexican Colonial architecture
What are Indigenous Craftsmen
These features allowed Californian Spanish architecture to develop exotic features when compared with Texan or New Mexican variants
This style of construction quickly spread across the Midwest and Great Plains as sawmills began to operate in the region
What is balloon framing/light-timber framing
This feature moved into the Midwest alongside the first wave of American settlers despite it's maritime and urban connections.
What is a Captain's Lookout
These are the two principal traits of regional Louisiana houses
What are it is always raised above the ground, and a galerie encloses one or more sides of the structure.
This style arose during the American expansion into California due to the compatibility of adobe construction with New England architectural tradition
What is the Monterrey Style
The climate in Virginia resulted in these changes in plantation plans.
"... the plans are more open and detached than in Maryland, in some cases the service departments being completely separated from the main house. Larger openings, lower roofs, and open two-storied porticoes reflect the climate of this sunny littoral."
In Maryland and Virginia, this effect developed in response to the slave-based social system.
What is the extension and detachment of the spaces in plan
Many consider this the origin of the American veranda or porch.
What is the deep overhang of traditional Dutch two-room homes
The original name and purpose of weather-boarding/siding.
What is Clapboarding
"Thereafter, the colonists rived, split, or sawed out a covering of "clapboards," with which they sheathed the exteriors of these half-timber houses to shed the water and keep out the wind."
This landmark roughly delineates the North-South divide in Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, separating the vernacular in these states into New England and Old South lineages
What is the Old National Road
These were direct architectural responses to the harsh and wet climate of New England
What are the development of clapboard and compact plans with the chimney at the center
The industrial production of this material allowed William LeBaron Jenney to design the Home Insurance Building in Chicago
What is Iron/Steel
This group moved to the Mid-Atlantic and settled in rural areas as farmers, bringing with them their traditional construction methods
What is Colonial German/Pennsylvania Dutch
Define Provincialism and what do products of this style lack.
What is- the parochial and half-understood reflection of styles radiated from the great metropolitan style centers.
The products of provincialism may be quaint, na'ive, and amusing, but they lack the vitality, spontaneity, and promise of future growth characteristic of truly regional products.
In New Mexico there is an entirely different architectural expression compared to the rest of the Southwest. Why is this?
Here the Spaniards found a sedentary Indian population which had already developed an appropriate native architecture. Thus, when the conquistadores employed these Indians to build structures with European plans and utilities out of native materials, there resulted a new regional type, half Spanish, half Indian, the like of which had been nowhere else evolved.
The geographical range of the United States' Spanish Colonial architecture contrasts with that of other Colonial European types how?
It includes vast sun-drenched, semi-desert areas in the present states of Texas, New Mexico, Arionna, and southern California, with settlements also at St. Augustine and Pensacola, Florida, in Georgia, and along the Gulf Coast. Here, principally through the leadership of the Franciscan friars, who organized great ecclesiastical establishments and built up vast landed estates, Spanish institutions and customs were introduced.
This invention had a large impact on modern American architecture, allowing more uniformity across a variety of climates and subduing the natural divergence of vernacular architecture
What is the Internal Combustion Engine