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This is the location of the insp and exp centers in the brain.
What is no such centers exist?
These receptors sense changes in the chemical composition of its environmental fluids.
What are chemoreceptors?
This is the response due to hypercarbia in the presence of hypoxemia.
What is increased drive to breathe?
J receptors cause this response when stimulated by pulmonary disease.
What is rapid shallow breathing?
This is the amount of O2 that should be administered to chronically hypercapnic patient.
What is the amount required to maintain oxygenation?
This is the level of PO2 that stimulates increased ventilation.
What is less than 60 mmHg?
These receptors are stimulated when a patient's limbs are moved.
What are the peripheral proprioceptors?
This reflex send impulses via the vagus nerve from large and small airways to regulate rate and depth of breathing during exercise.
What is the Hering-Breuer Reflex?
These structures receive motor signals from the ventral resp centers during insp.
What are the diaphragm, larynx, pharynx, and external intercostals?
This is the result of stimulation of Head's Paradoxical Reflex.
What is a deep sigh or deeper breath?
Bronchoscopy, intubation, and suctioning may stimulate this reflex.
What is the vagovagal reflex?
These are the nerves that provide sensory input to the dorsal resp neurons from the lungs, airways, and peripheral chemoreceptors.
What are the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves?
Large decreases in arterial PO2 causes this.
What is hypoxic stimulation of the carotid bodies?
The levels of CO2 are responsible for this.
What is minute-to-minute breathing?
This is when proprioceptors initiate increased ventilation.
What is at the beginning of exercise?
This is the location of peripheral chemoreceptors.
What are the aortic and carotid arteries?
This is what happens to ABG values during strenuous exercise.
What is they remain stable?
The insp ramp signal is controlled by these.
What are pneumotaxic center and pulm stretch receptors?
This is the stimulus of the Hering-Breuer reflex.
What is high lung volumes?
This type of breathing is the result of failure to switch off the brainstem insp neurons.
What is apneustic breathing?
Stimulation of the deflation reflex causes this response.
What is a strong insp effort?
This is the function of the pneumotaxic center.
What is insp time?
This is the response to hypercarbia in combination with hyperoxia.
What is there is no response?
These are the responses that result from suctioning a patient's airway.
What are bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and coughing?
The response to CO2 levels is decreased due to this.
What is chronically elevated CO2 levels?