Use a relative pronoun
Use a relative pronoun (2)
Defining or non-defining?
-ing / -ed clauses
How many pronouns
can we use?
100
I know a man _______ can touch the tip of his nose with the tip of his tongue.
I know a man WHO / THAT can touch the tip of his nose with the tip of his tongue.
100
I had never seen a woman __________ could run so fast!
I had never seen a woman WHO / THAT could run so fast!
100
I was sitting on a chair which belonged to my grandmother.
DEFINING. Of all chairs, this one belonged to my grandmother.
100
The man _____________ (wear) a black hat is a spy!
The man WEARING a black hat is a spy!
100

Our friend Anthony works at the bar __________ Amy Winehouse celebrated her last party.

Our friend Anthony works at the bar WHERE Amy Whinehouse celebrated her last party.

200
Do you know the woman ______ husband found a job in China?
Do you know the woman WHOSE husband found a job in China?
200
Sandra, __________ job as a hotel manager gives her many headaches, went to a spa last week.
Sandra, WHOSE job as a hotel manager gives her many headaches, went to a spa last week.
200
I know a man who played for Arsenal in the 80s.
DEFINING. Of all men, this one played for Arsenal.
200
The men ___________ (take) by the police had broken into Fogg's house!
The men TAKEN by the police had broken into Fogg's house!
200

The garden is the part of the house _________ I love the most.

The garden is the part of the house WHICH / THAT / Ø I love the most.

300

Wilt Chamberlain is the only basketball player __________ was able to score 100 points in an NBA game.

Wilt Chamberlain is the only basketball player WHO / THAT was able to score 100 points in an NBA game.

300
The book ____________ I read last week is fascinating. You must read it, too!
The book WHICH / THAT / Ø I read last week is fascinating. You must read it, too!
300
I love New Zealand, whose landscapes are simply spectacular.
NON-DEFINING. We are describing New Zealand.
300

That woman __________ (clean) the window has a dog called Arrow.

That woman CLEANING the window has a dog called Arrow.

300

I'm going out with a girl __________ smile is the sweetest thing on Earth.

I'm going out with a girl WHOSE smile is the sweetest thing on Earth.

400

Because I am unemployed I am currently living at my parents' house, _________ is an annoying situation.

Because I am unemployed I am currently living at my parents' house, WHICH is an annoying situation.

400
The book __________ I found the information is on the table.
The book WHERE I found the information is on the table.
400
The King of Spain, who loves sailing, participated in the Olympics.
NON-DEFINING. There is only one king of Spain.
400
The dog ___________ (chase) the ball is a golden retriever.
The dog CHASING the ball is a golden retriever.
400

I can pass an exam __________ is designed for First Certificate students.

I can pass an exam THAT / WHICH is designed for First Certificate students.

500

That casino is the Bellagio, __________ many movies have been filmed.

That casino is the Bellagio, WHERE many movies have been filmed.

500
Mary, __________ lives in Scotland, hates the rain.
Mary, WHO lives in Scotland, hates the rain.
500
The king of England who created the Anglican Church was Henry VIII.
DEFINING: Of all kings of England in history, that one.
500

When Liam and Jane went to that posh restaurant, the melon, ________ (cut) in half, was served on the table with ham and cherries.

When Liam and Jane went to that posh restaurant, the melon, CUT in half, was served on the table with ham and cherries.

500

I broke my hand playing tennis and I cannot write any exam, ________ is a problem.

I broke my hand playing tennis and I cannot write any exam, WHICH is a problem.

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