Heresy
How does one commit heresy?
One must be baptized and refuse to be corrected.
Who started the Arianism belief? What were the believers of Arianism called?
Arius
Arians
Name the splinter group that denies the humanity of Jesus and what two things do they believe?
Gnosticism
Believed that human beings remained totally ignorant of God because God was so removed from material things.
all material things, including the human body, were evil.
Where did the ecumenical(worldwide) council called by Constantinople meet?
Small town in Nicaea
What are Heresies?
People whose beliefs that are contrary to the essential beliefs of the faith.
What is the splinter group denying Jesus’ divinity called and explain what it is and how it differs from Christianity belief.
Arianism
A christological doctrine that asserts the belief that The Holy Trinity - Father, Son and Holy Spirit is distinct.
Christians believe that The Holy Trinity is one, Arians believe that The Holy Trinity is distinct.
Who particularly opposed Gnosticism?
Irenaeus, a Christian who became the bishop of Lyons
What is the importance of the Nicene Creed in the Christian Community?
Explained the church's teaching about the Trinity (God is three persons)
Had been an important definition of membership in the Christian community for over 600 years
How did early Christians decide on which beliefs aligned with the message from the Apostles?
The church sifted through the varieties of beliefs, only keeping those that coincided with the message.
Why did the council’s decision and the Nicene Creed not completely solve the Arian crisis?
Arianism was gaining popularity in throughout all social classes, and not just the intellectually elite.
Why do they not believe that Jesus is human?
Claimed that if Jesus came from God, he would not have come in in human flesh because it was evil by nature. This includes the idea that all material things, including the human body, were evil.
Why is the Nicene Creed the only ecumencial creed?
Because it was accepted by the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican and major Protestant churches
Name the four elements that must be verified to constitute formal heresy.
1. Previous valid baptism
2. External profession of still being a Christian
3. Outright denial or positive doubt regarding a truth that the Catholic Church has actually proposed as revealed by God
4. The disbelief must be morally culpable (explanation for the intent of the actor)
According to its opponents, Arianism did what three things to Christianity?
reduced the Son to a demigod
reintroduced polytheism (since worship of the Son was not abandoned)
undermined the Christian concept of redemption
What were the eight divine beings supposedly created by God(Or so the Gnostics believed) specifically named? Name three.
One, Monad, Aion Teleos, Bythos, Proarkhe, Arkhe, and Aeons
The early church was mostly made up of what ethnicities(Name 3)? How did this affect the council meeting?
The church is mostly made up of North Africans, Syrians, Palestinians, and residents of Asia Minor and Greece
Often caused dispute