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What is the Renaissance?
The Renaissance refers to a period of cultural revival and innovation in Europe from approximately 1300 to 1600.
How did the population of Europe change between 1300 and 1450?
The population of Europe decreased due to waves of famine and disease.
Where was knowledge of the Greek language and learning preserved after the fall of Rome?
Knowledge of Greek language and learning was preserved in the Byzantine Empire.
What were some areas where creativity flourished during the Renaissance?
Art, architecture, writing and thought
What does the term "Renaissance" mean?
The term "Renaissance" means "rebirth" in this context, representing a revival of art and learning.
How did the decrease in population affect the standard of living?
With fewer people to feed, the general standard of living increased.
What happened in 1453 that contributed to the spread of Greek knowledge to Italy?
In 1453, the Ottomans captured Constantinople, leading many Byzantine scholars to flee to Italy with their knowledge.
What had to happen before the Renaissance?
People had to from medieval values, beliefs and thoughts
What was the goal of the people during the Renaissance?
The people of the Renaissance aimed to revive the culture of classical Greece and Rome.
What led to an increase in literacy rates during the Renaissance?
Schools in growing towns and recently developed universities provided education, leading to increased literacy rates.
How did Islamic Spain contribute to the preservation and translation of Greek texts?
Scholars in Islamic Spain wrote commentaries in Arabic on Greek works and later translated them into Hebrew and Latin.
What were some of the changes in society that laid the foundation for the Renaissance?
Changes in society included increased education, the emergence of the middle class, and the demand for books.
What new values emerged during the Renaissance?
One new value that emerged during the Renaissance was individualism, emphasizing the importance of the individual.
What social class emerged between the nobility and peasants during the Renaissance and who were those in it?
The middle class, consisting of merchants, bankers, and tradespeople, emerged.
What role did Jewish scholars in Spain play in the translation of Greek texts?
Jewish scholars in Spain translated the Arabic commentaries into Hebrew and later translated both the original Greek texts and the commentaries into Latin.
What were some of the sources of knowledge that contributed to the Renaissance?
Sources of knowledge included the Byzantine Empire, the libraries of the Islamic Empire, and the translations of Greek works.
What were the foundations of the Renaissance built upon?
The Renaissance was built upon important changes in society, politics, economics, and learning.
How did the middle class contribute to the expansion of the economy?
The middle class had extra income to buy luxury goods and fine homes, which helped expand the economy.
What was the effect of the translations on Western Scholars?
Western scholars visiting the libraries of Islamic Spain could read the works of Greek writers through the translations.
How did the Greek and Roman cultures get to Europe?
The Byzantine Empire maintained knowledge of Greek language and learning, which influenced the Renaissance when Byzantine scholars fled to Italy.