Leading to the Renaissance
What is a population crisis?
When there are too many or too few people.
What is the Renaissance?
The great revival of art and learning in Europe in the 1300s, 1400s, and 1500s.
What is the Reformation?
A sixteenth-century religious movement aimed at reforming the Catholic Church.
What is the Reconquista?
Reconquista means reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from Muslims.
What did the population crisis make people do?
People had to invent better ways of doing things, work more efficiently, and invest in labor-saving devices because of fewer workers.
Where did the Renaissance begin and why?
It began in Italy because it was a major population center and was once the center of the Roman Empire.
Who was Martin Luther?
A german monk who didn't like certain Catholic practices.
Who was involved in the reconquista?
Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. (Christians against Muslims)
Why were the peasants upset?
He introduced the concept of humanism which means you deal with problems you face in this life rather than the next one.
What are theses?
A statement or idea to be defended in a discussion or debate.
Who was John Calvin and what did he do?
He broke from the Catholic Church and started a religious movement called Calvinism.
What was the result of the Peasant Revolt of 1381?
Lots of violence, but little change.
Who was the greatest English writer of all time?
William Shakespeare
What is nationalism?
A feeling of loyalty and devotion to one's country.
What did King Henry VIII do and why?
He broke from the Catholic Church to make the Church of England because the Catholic church wouldn't grant him a divorce.
Why did the Hundred Years' War begin, who won, and who helped?
It began when an English King (Edward III) also claimed title to the throne of France. France won, and was helped by Joan of Arc.
What are the three events that could be considered the start of modern history?
1. 1453 - When Constantinople fell to the Turks
2. 1455 - When Johann Gutenberg developed the printing press
3. 1492 - When Columbus reached the Americas
What did Martin Luther do?
He nailed 95 theses against the church on a church door. (Those that agreed became Protestants.)
Who was Catherine de Medici and what did she do?
Mother of Charles IX of France, she had the power. She had 10,000 French Calvinists killed.