Italian Renaissance
One of the most famous Renaissance artists, he painted pieces such as the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
Who is Leonardo Da Vinci?
Around 1456, Gutenberg created this technology that vastly increased access to books.
What is the printing press?
In 1517, he posted the Ninety-Five Theses in Wittenberg
Who is Martin Luther?
This English King who broke with the Catholic Church because he wanted a divorce.
Who is Henry VIII?
The sun-centered model that challenged geocentrism.
What is the heliocentric model?
The visual technique that creates depth on a flat surface.
What is perspective?
Jan van Eyck pioneered techniques in this medium.
What is oil painting?
Luther’s idea that all Christians have direct access to God.
What is the priesthood of all believers?
Archbishop who annulled Henry VIII’s marriage.
Who is Thomas Cranmer?
Invented by Isaac Newton, this math helped describe nature.
What is calculus?
Author of The Prince, he argued rulers should maintain power and order.
Who is Niccolo Machiavelli?
The “German Leonardo,” he mastered engraving by etching with acid on metal plates.
Who is Albrecht Dürer?
In 1521 Luther refused to recant at this imperial meeting before Charles V.
What is the Diet of Worms?
She briefly restored Catholicism in England.
Who is Mary Tudor?
Tried in Rome in 1633 for defending heliocentrism, he observed Jupiter’s moons and Venus’s phases.
Who is Galileo Galilei?
This new philosophy centered the experience and lives of individuals.
What is Humanism?
Early northern center of the Renaissance in today’s Belgium/Netherlands/northern France.
What is Flanders?
John Calvin taught this religious doctrine, that whenever you were born God already knew your fate.
What is predestination?
From 1545, this council reaffirmed Catholic doctrine and addressed abuses.
What is the Council of Trent?
He proposed heliocentrism; he gathered precise data; he showed elliptical orbits—name all three.
Who are Nicolaus Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, and Johannes Kepler?
Writing in this instead of Latin reached broader audiences.
What is the vernacular?
He produced a new Greek edition of the New Testament and urged vernacular Bibles, as well as wrote books such as In Favor of Folly.
Who is Erasmus?
The 1555 settlement letting each prince choose Lutheranism or Catholicism.
What is the Peace of Augsburg?
Ignatius of Loyala founded this fiery school of Catholic missionaries.
Who are the Jesuits?
These two emphasized the scientific method—one observation/experimentation, the other doubt/reason.
Who are Francis Bacon and René Descartes?