Europe pre-Renaissance
It is estimated that 1/3 of the population died from this in the mid-1300s
The Black Death
Who began the Reformation?
Martin Luther
What does the word “Renaissance” mean?
"rebirth"
What is the name for Christians who were not Catholic?
Protestants
What were indulgences?
Payments to reduce punishment for sins
This medieval social system in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants were obliged to live on their lord's land and give them labor
Feudalism
What did Luther nail to the church door?
The 95 Theses
Where did the Renaissance begin?
Italy
How did the printing press help the Reformation spread?
It allowed ideas to spread quickly to many people
What was the Catholic Church’s response to the Reformation called?
The Counter-Reformation
What was the dominant religion in Europe before the Reformation?
Roman Catholicism
What invention helped spread Luther’s ideas?
The printing press
What was the focus on human potential and achievements called?
Humanism
How long did the Council of Trent last?
18 years
Who painted the Mona Lisa?
Leonardo da Vinci
What movement began to challenge medieval ideas and focus on human potential?
The Renaissance
What did Luther say was the only true source of religious truth?
The Bible
Name one famous Renaissance artist.
Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, or Raphael
What did Martin Luther do while hiding after being excommunicated by the Church?
Translated the Bible so that others could have their own interpretation rather than relying on the Church
How did studying the human body reflect Renaissance ideas?
It showed curiosity, observation, and focus on human life (humanism)
Why did some people begin to question the Church before the Reformation?
Corruption / selling indulgences / Church had too much power
How did Luther’s ideas challenge the power of the Catholic Church?
They reduced the Church’s power by saying people could interpret the Bible themselves
How was Renaissance thinking different from medieval thinking?
It focused more on humans and life on Earth instead of only religion/survival
The protestant Reformation and the European Renaissance were similar in that both encouraged people to..
challenge tradition
Why were new scientific ideas during the Renaissance controversial?
They challenged the Church’s teachings and traditional beliefs