Italian Renaissance
Derived from the French word meaning "rebirth," this historical era began in Italy during the 14th century.
What is the Renaissance?
Around 1440, Johannes Gutenberg invented this revolutionary device in Germany, accelerating the spread of Renaissance and Reformation ideas.
What is the movable-type printing press?
German monk who kicked off the Protestant Reformation in 1517 after attacking Church practices.
Who is Martin Luther?
Legendary Italian "Renaissance Man" who painted both the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
Who is Leonardo da Vinci?
This wealthy Florentine family built their fortune on banking and served as major political rulers and patrons of the arts.
Who are the Medici family?
Flemish painter famous for his realistic detail and mastery of oil painting, best known for the Arnolfini Portrait.
Who is Jan van Eyck?
Certificates sold by the Catholic Church that promised to reduce a soul's time or punishment in purgatory.
What are indulgences?
The English playwright and poet widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language, author of Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet.
Who is William Shakespeare?
The core intellectual movement of the Renaissance that focused on human potential, secular achievements, and the study of Greek and Roman classics.
What is Humanism?
English statesman and author who coined the term for an ideal, imaginary island society in his 1516 book Utopia.
Who is Sir Thomas More?
The 1521 imperial council where Martin Luther was called to recuse his writings before Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, famously refusing to back down.
What is the Diet of Worms?
Master sculptor and painter who sculpted the marble David and spent four years painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Who is Michelangelo?
Italian political philosopher who wrote The Prince, famously arguing that it is better for a ruler to be feared than loved
Who is Niccolò Machiavelli
This Dutch Christian humanist wrote The Praise of Folly to critique the corruption of the clergy while remaining inside the Catholic Church.
Who is Desiderius Erasmus?
King of England who broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and formed the Church of England when the Pope refused to grant him an annulment.
Who is Henry VIII?
High Renaissance painter who depicted the world's greatest ancient minds gathering together in his famous fresco The School of Athens.
Who is Raphael?
Renaissance architect who engineered the massive brick dome of the Florence Cathedral (Santa Maria del Fiore) without using traditional wooden scaffolding
Who is Filippo Brunelleschi?
German painter and printmaker known as the "Leonardo of the North," famous for his detailed woodcuts like The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.
Who is Albrecht Dürer?
The 1555 agreement between Charles V and Protestant princes that first legally permitted Holy Roman Empire rulers to choose whether their land would be Lutheran or Catholic (cuius regio, eius religio).
What is the Peace of Augsburg?
Dutch Golden Age master known for his dramatic use of shadow and light (chiaroscuro), best known for his large group portrait The Night Watch
Who is Rembrandt?