Renaissance Basics
What does the word Renaissance mean?
Rebirth
Who developed the movable-type printing system in Europe?
Johann Gutenberg
What type of subject matter was most common in Medieval artwork?
Religious subjects
What were indulgences?
Payments associated with reducing punishment for sins.
What is a form of government ruled by religious leaders called?
Theocracy
In which European country did the Renaissance begin?
Italy
Which wealthy Florentine family financially supported Renaissance artists?
The Medici Family
What ancient civilizations influenced Renaissance art and architecture?
Ancient Greece and Rome.
What branch of Christianity emerged from efforts to reform the Catholic Church?
Protestantism
Which English queen attempted to restore Catholicism in England?
Queen Mary Tudor
Which two ancient civilizations inspired Renaissance artists and thinkers?
Greece and Rome
Who published the 95 Theses criticizing practices of the Catholic Church?
Martin Luther
What are two characteristics of Renaissance artwork?
Realism, perspective, light and shadow, individualism, and classical Greek and Roman influences. (Any two)
What religious belief teaches that God has already determined who will receive salvation?
Predestination
Which English queen helped establish Protestantism in England?
Queen Elizabeth I
What intellectual movement emphasized human potential, achievements, and classical learning?
Humanism
Which Renaissance artist and inventor created sketches of flying machines?
Leonardo da Vinci
What are two characteristics of Medieval artwork that differ from Renaissance artwork?
Flat or elongated figures, golden backgrounds, limited perspective, and mostly religious subjects. (Any two)
What English law established the monarch as the supreme head of the Church of England?
Act of Supremacy
What is the difference between the geocentric and heliocentric models?
The geocentric model places Earth at the center, while the heliocentric model places the Sun at the center of the solar system.
What triggered the events that resulted in the formation of the Church of England?
Henry VII wanted a divorce
Which Renaissance political thinker believed maintaining power was more important than following traditional morals?
Niccolò Machiavelli
How did the printing press contribute to the spread of Renaissance ideas throughout Europe?
It made books more affordable and widely available, increasing literacy and spreading new ideas.
Sir Thomas More was executed because he...
would not accept Henry VIII as head of the Church in England.
How did Europe's transition from a barter economy to a money economy make the sale of indulgences possible?
The money economy allowed the Church to collect currency for indulgences rather than relying on the exchange of goods and services.