Renaissance Art
This artist created the Mona Lisa
Leonardo DaVinci
This German monk is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther
This intellectual movement focused on classical learning and human achievement.
This practice of the Catholic Church, involving payments for the reduction of sins, was heavily criticized by Luther.
Indulgences
The Reformation led to the rise of these new forms of Christianity.
Protestant Churches (Denominations)
This Italian artist painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Michaelangelo
This reformer established a theocracy in Geneva.
John Calvin
This Renaissance ideal emphasized well-rounded individuals with expertise in many areas.
The Renaissance Man (or Universal Man)
According to Luther, this alone, not good works or payments, is the true path to forgiveness and salvation.
The Renaissance saw a renewed interest in the art and literature of these ancient civilizations.
Greece and Rome
This artistic movement emphasized human potential and earthly life.
Humanism
This English monarch broke with the Catholic Church to form the Church of England.
This book by Niccolò Machiavelli offered a pragmatic (and sometimes ruthless) view of politics.
The Prince
Luther made his concerns public by writing and, according to legend, posting this document in Germany.
The Ninety-Five Theses
The English Reformation influenced the founding of many of these in the Americas, as groups sought religious freedom.
Colonies
This wealthy Florentine family were major patrons of Renaissance artists.
The Medici Family
This individual's invention significantly aided the spread of Reformation ideas.
This famous Renaissance playwright became famous for works like Julius Caesar, Hamlet, and Romeo and Juliet
William Shakespeare
This invention played a crucial role in the rapid spread of Luther's ideas throughout Germany.
The Printing Press
he Reformation, alongside the Renaissance, fostered a growing emphasis on this, encouraging individuals to interpret religious texts for themselves.
Individualism
This Renaissance masterpiece depicts the biblical story of David and Goliath.
When ordered by the Pope to recant his writings, Luther famously refused, stating he would not go against his conscience based on this.
Scripture (or The Bible)
This scientific theory, challenging the idea that the Earth was the center of the world, was championed by figures like Copernicus and Galileo.
Heliocentric Theory
Discontent with the Catholic Church grew partly due to the perception that some Church leaders were more interested in this than spiritual guidance.
Political Power and/or Money
Renaissance advancements in this field helped pave the way for future scientific discoveries.
Anatomy