Italian
Term means rebirth or revival or art, architecture, literature, writing, and culture
What is the Renaissance?
Who started the spark that led to the Reformation? What did he do?
Martin Luther criticized the Catholic Churches practice of indulgences with his 95 Theses which splintered the church creating Lutheranism and eventually other protestant denominations that spread throughout Europe.
This man wrote "The Prince" which provided information on how to keep and promote power. He believed in a strong government. He was famously known to have said, "The end justifies the means."
Who is Machiavelli?
Said to be the approximate years of the Renaissance.
What is 1300-1650?
What were some of the effects of the Reformation?
Lutheranism and many other Protestant denominations were created that still exist today.
People did not follow the Catholic or other church teachings without questioning the doctrine.
Bibles became printed in local languages reducing reliance on Churches for translation from Latin.
Families took responsibility for educating their children to read.
This man invented the printing press and improved upon movable type. His first printed book was the Bible.
Who is Johann Gutenberg?
People of the Renaissance were said to want to revive the culture of these two classical civilizations.
What is Greek and Roman?
The intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievement.
What is Humanism?
This man wrote about an imaginary land where greed, corruption, and war were weeded out. He coined the phrase that is the title of his book -- "Utopia"
Who is Thomas More?
Explain how discoveries changed how people viewed the universe.
Copernicus's view that the sun was at the center of the universe (heliocentrism) was promoted by Galileo (telescope maker); people began to reject prior information that the earth was at the center of the universe (geocentrism).
Isaac Newton -- perhaps the most important scientist -- discovered the laws of gravity and planetary motion.
Scientists, philosophers (Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon) and writers promoted the idea that everything in the natural world could be observed and proved leading to the Scientific Method.
Three reasons why the Italian city-states were the location of the start and growth of the Renaissance?
Extensive trade due to location, waterways
Rise of the merchant middle class
Wealth generation of merchants and patronage of Catholic church located in Rome
This man is said to have been the "Father of the Humanist" movement because he gathered manuscripts from ancient Greece and Rome and wrote love poetry that was emotional about his muse -- "Laura."
Who is Petrach?
His plays and poetry themes were universal about man's hopes, triumphs, failures and passions. A productive English-based dramatist who typified Renaissance views that humans can achieve great things.
Who is William Shakespeare?
How did the printing revolution shape European society?
Printing makes information widely available as books and other printed materials are printed quickly and less expensively. Ideas that changed and religious views and scientific views spread as people began to question the everything in society.
Ideas spread quickly.
This is the name of the wealthy banking family who dominated much of the Renaissance starting in Florence.
Who are the Medicis?
How did the artists and writers affect the arts and society?
The Renaissance was about exploring the creative possibilities through art and all other manners of the secular (non-religious) world. Their works celebrated human accomplishment and focused on the realistic and natural world with the use of perspective and painting techniques that emitted light.
This Northern Humanist was known for "poking fun" at the church. They were called Christian humanists. His book is called "Praise of Folly" and also makes fun of merchants.
Who is Desiderius Erasmus?
Painter, artist, engraver, who was known for his naturalist works.
Who is Albrecht Durer?
The spreading of new ideas from the Renaissance led what to happen in terms of laws, governments and religion?
Practices were questioned, including legal proceedings (were printing making people's rights clearer) political structures religious proceedings?