Italian Renaissance
What was the Renaissance?
The movement started in Italy and caused an explosion of creativity in art, writing, and thought; term means rebirth.
What countries in Northern Europe got influenced by the Renaissaince? Name at least three.
England, France, Germany, and the Netherlands.
Painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist. A true "renaissance man," he was interested in how things worked. Among his many masterpieces, painted one o the best-known portraits in the world, the Mona Lisa.
Leonardo da Vinci
What were the 95 thesis?
95 concerns Martin Luther had in relation to the catholic church.
Religion-wise
The church lost its power as people started to question the authority of the Pope. In addition, other branches of Christianity emerged, such as Protestantism.
Those who financially supported artists.
Patrons
A well educated queen, who spoke French, Italian, Latin, and Greek. She also wrote poetry and music; supported the development of art and literature.
Queen Elizabeth
Leader of the Reformation. Because of him, other Christian churches that did not accept the Pope's authority were founded. He wrote the "95 Thesis".
Martin Luther
What is an indulgence?
It was a pardon that released the sinner from suffering their sins in hell. It was basically a purchased pass to heaven.
How did information spread quickly?
With the development of the printing press.
An intellectual movement that focuses on human potential and achievements.
Humanism
Give an example of a Northern writer.
Desiderius Erasmus, Thomas More, William Shakesperare, Christine de Pizan.
Founded the Anglican Church because the Pope refused to annul his marriage.
Henry VIII
What were the causes of the Reformation?
Followers of the church were unsatisfied with the Pope's authority. The Renaissaince motivated these actions.
What influenced Renaissaince art?
The classical arts of Greece and Rome.
How did the city-state contribute to the spread of the Renaissance?
Cities are often places where people exchange ideas and therefore were an ideal breeding ground for an intellectual revolution.
Peasant life.
Developed a printing press and made it possible to produce books quickly and cheaply. He printed a complete Bible; it was the first full-sized book printed with movable type.
Give two examples of branches of Protestantism?
Calvinism and Lutheranism.
What does the word secular mean?
Worldly rather than spiritual and concerned with the here and now.
Define the Renaissance Man and Woman
Woman: Should know the classics and be charming; not expected to seek fame; expected to inspire art but rarely create it.
How did the ending of the Hundred Years' War between England and France contribute to the spread of Renaissance ideas in Northern Europe?
Tried to show a better model of society by portraying it in his piece "Utopia". Was a devout Catholic and got beheaded for refusing to accept Henry the VIII as the head of the Church of England.
Thomas More
What was the Peasants Revolt?
German peasants were inspired by the Reformation and demanded an end serfdom.
How did Christian Humanists change society?
Reformed social views about how life should be lived. They focused a lot on the individual and wanted a place free of corruption and greed. In order to improve their lives, all people should study the bible and interpret it for themselves.