Renaissance
What term, meaning "rebirth," describes the cultural movement in Europe from the 14th to the 17th century that saw a revival of interest in classical art, literature, and learning?
Renaissance
Which Italian polymath is known for inventing the flying machine and made significant contributions to various fields including engineering and anatomy?
Leonardo Da Vinci
Who is often referred to as the "Father of Humanism"?
Petrarch
Why did Martin Luther write the 95 Theses?
To criticize the sale of indulgences and other church practices
What does it mean to "counter" something?
to oppose or respond to something
What is a "Renaissance Man?"
An individual who excels in multiple fields such as arts, sciences, and humanities
Who is the Italian scientist and pioneer of the scientific method known for his work in physics and motion?
Galileo
This Renaissance writer was the author of "The Prince," a political treatise that discusses power and ethics in governance
Machiavelli
Define predestination
The belief that God has already determined who will be saved and who will be damned
What was the primary goal of the Counter-Reformation initiated by the Catholic Church?
To respond to the Protestant Reformation and reform the Church to regain followers
Why was Florence considered an important center during the Renaissance?
It was a hub for art, culture, and commerce because of trade and banking
What was Johannes Gutenberg's major invention that revolutionized the spread of information?
Printing press
What was the primary focus of humanist education during the Renaissance?
The study of the humanities, including literature, philosophy, and history
Why did King Henry VIII create the Anglican Church?
To annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn
How did the Protestant Reformation impact European society?
It led to increased literacy and the questioning of authority
Which artist is renowned for his work "The Last Supper," a mural located in Milan?
Leonardo Da Vinci
What is the poet Dante best known for writing?
"The Divine Comedy"
Where did humanist thinkers draw their inspiration from during the Renaissance?
Classical texts of ancient Greece and Rome
What was a major outcome of the Protestant Reformation?
The splitting of the Catholic Church (Catholic and Protestant) and the establishment of various Protestant denominations
This order played a crucial role in the Counter-Reformation by focusing on education and spreading the Catholic faith.
The Jesuits
Who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City?
Michelangelo
Which artist is known for the iconic painting "The Birth of Venus"?
Botticelli
What is a difference between Humanism and Catholicism?
Humanism - focuses on human potential and achievements
Catholicism - emphasizes divine authority
What is a difference between Lutheranism and Catholicism?
Lutheranism - belief in justification by faith alone (personal connection with God)
Catholicism - faith and works
What was the main purpose of the Council of Trent?
To address the issues of the Protestant Reformation and reform the Catholic Church?