RENAISSANCE TO EXPLORATION

Renaissance

100

The Renaissance began in Italy because of the wealth of this group of people.

MERCHANTS

200

The Italian Renaissance looked to bring back the ideals, philosophies, and arts of these two ancient civilizations. 

GREECE AND ROME

300

This Renaissance ideology believed in the value of the individual and human potential. 

HUMANISM

400

The power of the kings within Europe increased during the Renaissance as the power of this institution decreased. 

CATHOLIC CHURCH

500

The increased wealth of the Renaissance saw the creation of this new social class. 

THE MIDDLE CLASS

Scientific Revolution

100

This scientific theory stated that the Sun was the center of the universe

HELIOCENTRIC 

200

This ancient scientist believed that the earth was the center of the universe.

Ptolemy

300

This scientist was put on trial during the Inquisition for arguing that the sun was the center of the universe

Galileo

400

This scientist invented the heliocentric model of the universe

COPERNICUS

500

WHEN ONE SPEAKS OUT AGAINST CHURCH DOCTRINE THEY ARE ACCUSED OF COMMITTING THIS. 

HERESY

Reformation

100

Martin Luther argued that salvation could be achieved by this act alone. 

FAITH

200

Martin Luther's biggest grievance against the Catholic Church was the act of selling these. 

INDULGENCES

300

The Anglican Church was started by this man.

HENRY VIII

400

This Catholic reaction to the Protestant Reformation included the Council of Trent, the creation of the Jesuits, and the Inquisition. 

Counter-Reformation

500

She was the first Protestant Queen of England. 

ELIZABETH I

American Civilizations

100

These two Meso-American cultures were known to offer blood sacrifices to their gods. 

MAYA AND AZTEC

200

Scholars believe that the first AMERICAN were hunter-gatherers from this continent. 

ASIA

300

This Meso-American civilization was known for their large stone pyramids, accurate 365 day calendar, and their political organization of city-states. 

MAYA

400

This American civilization was built on top of the ANDES mountains and were known for their advanced system of roads within their empire. 

INCA

500

Historians do not know the exact cause for the collapse of either of these civilizations. 

MAYA and OLMEC

Age of Exploration

100

Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro respectively conquered these two American civilizations

AZTEC AND INCA

200

These two European nations were the first to begin colonizing the American continents.

SPAIN AND PORTUGAL

300

These were the three motivating factors to explain why European nations colonized the Americas. 

GOLD, GLORY, GOD

400

This journey of the slave trade, between Africa and the New World, brought over 10 million Africans to the Americas between 1500 and 1800 C.E.

MIDDLE PASSAGE

500

This factor explains why the Europeans were able to conquer the great civilizations of the Americas and why new slave labor was brought in from Africa. 

DISEASE