Article 27
What was the period of The Renaissance?
A period in the 1400s known as the Middle Ages meaning “rebirth”
Who was Martin Luther?
An Augustinian priest and Monk, studied the Church Fathers and Scripture
-He believed that God’s love and mercy could justify sinners
Define Predestination
Belief that each person fate after death is predetermined by God, can’t change it
this meeting helped reform and strengthen the Catholic Church in the 1500s
Council of Trent
What is something that Saint Peter Canisius founded?
He founded universities.
Describe humanism
A cultural and intellectual movement that emphasized Latin and Greek learning
What were the two only “valid” sacraments Luther taught
Baptism and the Eucharist- rather than seven
Who took Luther’s ideas even further and what did they do?
John Calvin, in France took these ideas and created his own version of Protestantism.
The council said this group of people must be properly trained and educated
Priests
What was Saint Francis de Sales known for?
His spiritual writings
How many Popes were there during Renaissance period, what was 1 way they used their power negatively?
10 popes
Used their power to enrich themselves and their families. Often appointed family members to the college of cardinals.
-College of cardinals: church body made up of cardinals who advise the Pope about Church matters.
What was indulgences and what did Martin Luther protest against them become?
Indulgences: ways to offer Christians a way of doing good as penance for their sins
-Published a document protesting against the sale of indulgences which led to the Protestant Reformation.
How did King Henry the 8th rebel against the Pope?
He declared himself head of the Church of England and required all English clergy to commit their loyalty to him.
the council said this ceremony needs priests and witnesses to be official
marriage
Who was responsible for founding the Jesuits?
Saint Ignatius of Loyola.