Key Vocabulary
A young person who trains under a master to learn a trade or craft, such as painting, metalwork, or printing?
Apprentice
The artist who sculpted the David and Pietà and painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Michelangelo Buonarroti
The term that means "having to do with the pope?"
Papal
The "Big Idea" of the Renaissance that led to discoveries in anatomy, astronomy, and engineering?
Scientific Curiosity
A person who builds or works with brick or stone?
Mason
The term for wealthy supporters of the arts, like Lorenzo de' Medici, who sponsored artists in Florence?
Patron
The artist, inventor, and scientist who painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper?
Leonardo da Vinci
The name for the large territory in central Italy controlled by the Catholic Church?
The Papal States
The invention by Gutenberg that caused the rapid spread of new ideas and literacy across Europe?
Printing Press
A person who prepares and sells medicines?
Apothecary
The technique of painting on wet plaster, famously used by artists like Giotto and Michelangelo?
Fresco
The Renaissance master known for painting The School of Athens, which celebrates classical philosophy?
Raphael Sanzio
The pope credited with bringing Renaissance ideas, such as new architecture and scholarship, to the city of Rome?
Pope Nicholas V
The economic factor that allowed Italian city-states to become rich through commerce with Asia and the Middle East, funding the arts and education?
Trade & Wealth
To formally ask for the creation of something, such as a building or a painting?
Commission
The key Renaissance idea that shifted focus from divine authority to human potential and achievements?
Humanism
The artistic technique, perfected by Brunelleschi, that creates the illusion of depth on a flat surface?
Perspective
The two popes who invited artists like Michelangelo and Raphael to Rome and commissioned them for major works?
Pope Julius II and Pope Leo X
The term for an independent city controlling its surrounding land, common in Italy (like Florence, Venice, and Milan)?
City-State
A part of a church used for carrying out the purifying ritual of baptism?
Baptistery
A pardon sold by the Church that reduced the punishment for sins?
Indulgence
The Renaissance "Big Idea" that used light, perspective, and anatomy to make art more lifelike?
Artistic Realism
The large church that began construction under Pope Julius II in 1506?
St. Peter's Basilica
The historical figure whose horror stories were rapidly circulated by the printing press, demonstrating how new technology weaponized information?
Vlad the Impaler
Vlad Dracul
The term describing an object that has depth, as well as width and height, or a painting that appears not to be flat?
Three-Dimensional