Diverticulitis
After a patient is admitted with symptoms of GI distress, what is your #1 priority?
NPO in case surgery is required
Define renal failure
The kidneys lose their ability to function as they normally would
Causes of CKD
Most common complication of AKI
Metabolic Acidosis
diagnostic tools used
colonoscopy, CT with contrast, barium enema
How many stages to Renal Failure are there?
5
These objective findings can evaluate the patency of a fistula during dialysis
3 types of AKI's and where they occur
Pre-Renal: damage BEFORE the kidney
Intra-Renal: damage IN the kidney
Post-Renal: damage AFTER the kidney
low fiber intake, constipation, family history
Will GFR values be higher or lower at stage 5 of renal failure compared to stage 1?
lower
treatment options for CKD
Hemodialysis
Peritoneal Dialysis
Transplant (last resort)
Urine output of 1-3L occurs during this stage
Diuretic
(kidneys regain their ability to excrete waste)
What diet should a patient be consuming during recovery?
clear fluids, decreased fiber, white rice, carbs, NO FRESH FRUIT
Diagnostic tools used
CT, MRI
LIFE THREATENING complication during first time dialysis
Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome
increased cranial pressure; s/s LOC changes, anxiousness, headache, vomiting
4 phases of AKI
Onset/Initiation
Oliguric
Diuretic
Recovery
What diet should a patient be consuming after they have healed to prevent a reoccurrence?
increased fluids, fresh fruit/veggies, oats, grains, fiber
What will happen to BUN, Creatinine, Potassium, Phosphate, Magnesium, and Calcium during renal failure? (increase or decrease)
BUN, Creatinine, Potassium, Phosphate, Magnesium will be elevated
Calcium will be decreased
Which dialysis can be done at home, and what is the most common complication of it?
Peritoneal dialysis, complications of infection if patient is not providing proper care to site.
Hyperkalemia, increased BUN, increased Creatinine, and increased GFR occur during this phase of AKI
Oliguric
(during this phase the kidneys are not excreting, which causes the BUN, creatinine to recirculate, causing the increased levels)