Values
Significance
Measurement
100
Normal GFR in men and women.
130 (95-145) ml/min in men
120 (75-125) ml/min in women
100
The fraction of RPF filtered across the glomerular capillaries.
What is the filtration fraction?
100
Three main equations for GFR estimation.
What are the Cockcroft-Gault equation, MDRD, CKD-EPI?
200
Normal filtration fraction value.
What is 20%?
- remaining 80% leaves glomerular capillaries into peritubular circulation
200
The amount of liquid the kidney handles.
What is renal plasma flow (RPF)?
200
Molecules used to measure GFR experimentally and clinically.
What are inulin and creatinine?
Inulin: neither secreted nor reabsorbed
Creatinine: small amount of secretion → slight GFR overestimation
300
A FENa of <1% and >2% indicate these two acute kidney injury etiologies.
What are pre-renal azotemia and intrinsic renal azotemia?
300
It helps determine if renal failure is pre-renal or intrinsic.
What is fractional excretion of sodium (FENa)?
- percentage of filtered sodium excreted in sodium
300
The molecule used to estimate RPF.
What is para-aminohippuric acid (PAH)?
- both filtered and secreted
400
Three factors in the Starling equation that alter GFR.
What are PGC, PBS, πGC?
400
Used to estimate kidney function and stages of chronic kidney disease.
What is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
- measures filtration that occurs across the glomerular capillaries
400
The equation calculates using (urine clearance)/(creatinine clearance).
What is FENa?