AKI Categories
This type of AKI occurs when decreased circulating volume or cardiac output reduces blood flow to the kidneys.
What is prerenal AKI?
Three days of vomiting and diarrhea place a client at risk for AKI because of this problem.
What is hypovolemia or dehydration?
A rapid increase in this laboratory value is a key indicator of declining kidney function.
What is serum creatinine?
Periorbital edema, dependent edema, hypertension, and weight gain indicate this nursing problem.
What is excess fluid volume?
A client with vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension, and oliguria will likely require this prescribed treatment to restore kidney perfusion.
What are isotonic IV fluids?
An enlarged prostate or obstructing kidney stone can cause this type of AKI.
What is postrenal AKI?
This cardiac condition can reduce renal perfusion even when the client has peripheral edema.
What is heart failure?
A potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L places the client at immediate risk for this complication.
What is a cardiac dysrhythmia?
Dark or smoky urine results from the presence of this substance.
What are red blood cells or blood?
This bedside assessment should be performed for a client with a distended bladder who is unable to urinate.
What is a bladder scan?
Direct damage to the kidney from an aminoglycoside antibiotic causes this type of AKI.
What is intrarenal AKI?
Gentamicin and similar medications place the client at risk for AKI because they have this property.
What is nephrotoxicity?
Protein and red blood cells in the urine are expected findings with this kidney disorder.
What is glomerulonephritis?
This daily measurement is the most reliable indicator of fluid gain or loss.
What is daily weight?
A client with a potassium level of 6.0 mEq/L should be placed on this type of monitoring.
What is continuous cardiac monitoring?
If kidney hypoperfusion continues without treatment, prerenal AKI can progress to this form of direct tubular injury.
What is acute tubular injury or acute tubular necrosis?
A client with this prostate disorder is at risk for postrenal AKI.
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia?
Dark brown urine, elevated creatine kinase, and urine myoglobin suggest this condition.
What is rhabdomyolysis?
These prescribed dietary restrictions help manage edema, hypertension, and hyperkalemia.
What are sodium, fluid, and potassium restrictions?
Clients with impaired kidney function should avoid this common group of over-the-counter pain medications unless approved by the provider.
What are NSAIDs?
Daily Double: Myoglobin released during rhabdomyolysis damages the renal tubules and creates this category of AKI.
What is intrarenal AKI?
This systemic response to infection can cause hypotension, poor renal perfusion, and direct kidney injury.
What is sepsis?
Daily Double: A decreasing eGFR accompanied by increasing BUN and creatinine indicates this change in patient status.
What is worsening kidney function?
If chronic glomerulonephritis progresses to kidney failure, the client might require one of these renal replacement therapies.
What are hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplantation?
Increased urine output, decreased edema, improved lung sounds, stable weight, and lower blood pressure indicate this
What is an effective response to treatment?