Nephrons Gone Wild
This type of AKI is caused by decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
What is prerenal AKI?
GFR measures how well this organ is filtering blood.
What are the kidneys?
This electrolyte becomes dangerously high in kidney disease.
What is potassium (hyperkalemia)?
This medication helps remove excess fluid in kidney disease.
What is Lasix (a diuretic)?
Swelling in the legs and lungs is caused by this complication.
What is fluid overload?
Explain why patients with kidney disease develop hyperkalemia, anemia, and bone disease.
Kidney stones or BPH can cause this type of AKI.
What is postrenal AKI?
A normal GFR is typically above this value.
What is > 90 mL/min?
Kidney failure often causes this acid-base imbalance.
What is metabolic acidosis?
This medication is given to treat anemia in CKD.
What is erythropoietin (EPO)?
Itching and uremic frost occur because of buildup of this.
What is urea?
Acute tubular necrosis is an example of this type of AKI.
What is intrarenal AKI?
A GFR below this value indicates kidney failure.
What is < 15 mL/min?
This electrolyte rises because the kidneys cannot excrete it.
What is phosphate (hyperphosphatemia)?
These medications bind phosphorus in the gut to prevent buildup.
What are phosphate binders?
Confusion and lethargy in kidney disease are caused by this condition.
What is uremia?
This chronic condition is defined as kidney damage lasting longer than 3 months.
What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
A GFR of 30–59 corresponds to this CKD stage.
What is Stage 3 CKD?
This electrolyte drops due to impaired vitamin D activation.
What is calcium (hypocalcemia)?
This medication stabilizes the heart during severe hyperkalemia.
What is calcium gluconate?
This symptom occurs when excess fluid backs up into the lungs.
What is pulmonary edema?
Diabetes and hypertension are the two leading causes of this condition.
What is CKD?
GFR decreases because of this physiological change in damaged kidneys.
What is loss of functioning nephrons?
This ECG change is associated with severe hyperkalemia.
What are peaked T waves?
This combination shifts potassium back into cells during hyperkalemia.
What is insulin + dextrose?
A metallic taste in the mouth and nausea are signs of this syndrome.
What is uremic syndrome?