Kidney Disease
Name an upper urinary tract infection
What is Pyelonephritis
I go from the urinary bladder to the outside world.
What is the urethra
What does homeostasis mean?
Blood is under high pressure here and toxins are pushed out of hte blood to become filtrates.
What is the Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule.
What is the functioning unit of the kidney?
What glomerular disease syndrom causes protenuria >3.5g/day
What is nephrotic syndrome
We carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
What are the ureters
What part of the nephron filters primarily by size?
What is the Glomerulus
What part of the tubule reabsorbs 80% of the electrolytes?
What is the proximal convoluted tubule
When a substance moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What is diffusion
How many stages of Kidney disease are there?
5 stages
I can hold about 600 to 1000 ml of urine
What is bladder capacity
Name three functions of the kidneys
1.Excretion of Metabolic Waste and Foreign Substances
2.Regulation of water and electrolytes (Na, K+)
3.Regulation of Extracellular fluid volume (B/P)
4.Regulation of plasma Osmolality (NA + H2O)
5.Regulation of Red blood Cell production
6.Regulation of Vascular Resistance (B/P)
7.Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
8.Regulation of Vit D production
9.Gluconeogenesis (formation of glucose)
What part of the tubule in the nephron mainly does the final regulation of water balance and acid-base balance.
What is the Distal convoluted tubule
What is cystitis?
What is inflammation of the bladder
What microorganism is the most likely culprit for UTI's?
What is E. coli
I connect the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule.
What is the loop of Henle
What liquid process happens in the nephron to keep your body in balance?
Blood becomes filtrate than becomes urine
This is where water balance takes place (reabsorption of water) before it exits the kidneys as urine.
What is the Collecting duct
What are the three main parts of the kidney?
What is the medulla, the cortex and the renal pelvis.
Name at least one type of hereditary kidney disease
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) - this is a rare autosomal recessive disorder.
Others: Medullary cystic disease (recessive and dominant form) renal failure before age 20 & Alport Syndrome (chronic hereditary neprhitis) that primarily affects the glomeruli.
I encapsulate (surround) the glomerulus and catch the filtrates that are pushed out of blood.
What is Bowman's capsule
What is it called when the passage of a substance goes from the lumen of the tubules through the tubule cells and into the capillaries.
What is reabsorption
These cells release renin due to decreased renal perfusion
What is the Juxtaglomerular cells
These muscles must relax in order for you to release urine from your bladder and urinate.
What are the spincters