Renal/Urinary 1
difference between urinalysis and urine culture collection?
what is clean catch vs sterile catch
what in a UA detects possible UTI? Leukocytes or white blood cells
prevention/treatments of UTIs? Antibiotics. Wipe from front to back for females, avoid long bubble baths, wear cotton underwear, urinating after intercourse.
Signs and Symptoms to be mindful of when your client is taking a diuretic?
what is hypokalemia, Muscle pain, cramping, weakness, orthostatic hypotension
when concerned that your client is retaining urine, what will the nurse do as part of their interventions
what is pelvic assessment, bladder scan
decreased cardiac output is most directly associated with what other decrease?
what is decreased urinary output
What is the minimum urine output?
What can diseases lead to decrease cardiac output and decreased urinary output
what is erythropoietin
What increases the risk of Cystitis
what are, Taking long bubble baths, Incomplete bladder emptying, Sexual intercourse, improper wiping, holding urine for long periods of time.
renal stones can be made or compromised of what 2 elements
what is calcium or uric acid
what causes each?
What nursing interventions are priority for a renal stone client?
Monitor Is and Os
Increase fluid intake at least 3 liters per day
Dietary recommendations for both ?
Restrict protein (animal meat), red meat, organ meat and beer.
What must nurses do with every client with a renal stone?
Strain urine for stones
After this procedure, monitor urine output because contrast dye increases the risk for kidney failure in older adults
what is an IV pyelogram
what must the nurse do prior to this procedure?
Client Teaching?
Clients with glomerulonephritis should avoid what types of foods/liquids?
what is sodium containing solutions/foods and/or things that dehydrate clients such as coffee tea (caffeine).
Renal failure leads to what major sides effects (signs/symptoms)
what is decreased urinary output, concentrated electrolytes and fluid retention.
What is the major nursing concern with renal failure?
Name the 3 phases of Acute Kidney Failure
what is oliguria( low urine output), diuresis (increased flow of urine due to increased fluid intake), and recovery
Identify specifics regarding each phase of AKF
Phase 1 (oliguria): less than 400 ml per day, the excess of urine is backed up in the body causing edema and hypertension, electrolyte imbalances such as hyperkalemia (causing dysrthmia) and hyponatremia (seizures ), increased creatinine, BUN and metabolic acidosis.
Phase 2 (diuresis) : up to 5 liters per day, improvement in lab values.
Phase 3 ( recovery): Normalization of lab values and Gfr.
Clients with an obstructive renal stone may need a nephrostomy tube, what are your nursing interventions
what is monitor for s/s of infection, monitor drainage color, clarity, and amount.
What do you teach your client when having a unilateral nephrostomy tube?
Client has a TURP, what will the patient most likely have in place following their TURP?
what is a CBI
What is a CBI?
What is the nursing responsibility ??
Differentiate between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis ?
what is peritoneal is through abdomen and hemo is through a AV fistula in the arm using blood access.
Nursing actions with both?
In dialysis will clients have urine output?
Clients with chronic renal failure should be on what type of diet?
what is Low sodium, low potassium, low sodium, fluid restrictions
High K can lead to?
exercise recommend to help decrease incontinence?
what are kegel exercises
what is renal colic?
what is when the stone moves through the renal and urinary system it will cause pain and spasms where when the stone stops moving, the pain will subside. This will happen back and forth until the stone is finally passed
what do clients get a TURP to treat?
what is BPH,
what is BPH
Client with peritoneal dialysis presents to the clinic with a hard firm abdomen, what is your initial nursing action?
what is notify the provider
what are you concerned it happening?
What else can identify this concern?
what should we teach the client about in flow and outflow of dialysis solution
what is acidosis
If the client presents with stroke like systems with ESRD, what would be your initial assessments?
a client with polycystic kidney disease should restrict what major element
what is sodium
why?
Sodium would cause the kidneys to have reduced function and remove less water resulting in higher blood pressure
Client has a large sized urinary catheter in place, what should you expect the client to complain of with a larger foley?
what is sensation to void, urge to void, no pain,
when titrating the CBI what do you use to titrate ?
what is pink tinged urine
what is the purpose of dialysis ??
what is to remove all toxins, medications, and level out the electrolyte concentration in the blood.
best snacks for a client on hemodialysis?
client who is post-TURP, what should the nurse do first if the client develops a low grade fever (100 F)
what is notify the MD immediately