Housing History
What form of housing was dominant in late 19th-century American industrial cities?
Tenement housing
The U.N. declared this a fundamental human right.
The right to housing.
Who declared that income and wealth inequality are "the defining challenge of our time"?
President Barack Obama (2013)
What percentage of U.S. households rent?
Approximately 34-35%
What is HCV?
Housing Choice Vouchers
What is an urban tenement?
A crowded, low-rise apartment building, often in densely populated urban areas, particularly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
What is the definition of a housing policy?
A framework and strategy established by governments to guide housing development, affordability, and stability.
Housing inequality has historic roots tied to what?
Systemic racism
This is the legal ownership of a residential property (house, condo, or co-op) by an occupant.
What is homeownership?
What is LIHTC?
Low-income housing tax credit
Name several characteristics of Victorian homes?
1. Asymmetrical design
2. Steep gabled roofs
3. Gingerbread trim
What is a key freedom cited by the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights?
The right to choose one's residence. To determine where to live and to have freedom of movement.
What is the nickname for the Federal National Mortgage Association?
Fannie Mae
This represents the single largest asset for most households.
What is a home (house, townhouse, condo, etc)?
Name three goals of rental assistance programs?
1. Stability
2. Affordability
3. Mobility
4. Integration
What popular housing form followed the Victorian era in the early 20th century?
Bungalows
What is a counter to single-family land use?
Higher density land use (mixed, multi-family, etc.)
Name 3 factors that determine the investment return on housing?
2. Property condition, size, and age
3. Access to quality schools
What are the main influences on homeownership rates?
Demographics and economics (versus public policy)
What percentage of AMI qualifies for HCV?
50 percent or less of AMI
What event precipitated the advent of public housing in the 1930s?
The Great Depression
Name four U.S. housing policy objectives since the 1930s.
1. Preserve and expand housing supply
2. Make housing more affordable
3. Promote racial and economic diversity
4. Build household wealth
5. Strengthen families
6. Link housing to essential services
7. Promote balanced metropolitan growth
Define "deconcentrating poverty" as a policy.
Deconcentrating poverty is a housing and social policy aimed at reducing the high concentration of low-income households in specific neighborhoods by dispersing them into lower-poverty areas
If AMI is $75,000, how much should an average household spend on housing per month?
$1,875/month
What differentiates a housing unit from a household?
A housing unit refers to the physical structure (house, apartment, etc.), whereas a household refers to the people in a housing unit.