Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
The Rocks Cycle 1
The Rock Cycle 2
100
  1. What are igneous rocks primarily composed of?

Silicate 

100
  1. How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Sedimentary rocks are formed from deposits of pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms that accumulate on the Earth's surface.

100
  1. What is the main process by which metamorphic rocks are formed?

Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids

100
  1. What is the rock cycle and how does it work?


The rock cycle is a process in which rocks are continuously transformed between the three rock types igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic.



100

How does erosion play a role in the movement of rocks within the rock cycle?

Erosion at or near the earth's surface breaks down rocks into small and smaller pieces

200

2. True or False? Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of molten rock material 

TRUE

200

What are the three main types of sedimentary rocks and how do they differ from each other?

Clastic, organic (biological), and chemical.

200
  1. How do metamorphic rocks differ from sedimentary and igneous rocks?

Metamorphic rocks formed from other rocks that are changed by heat and pressure underground 

Igneous rocks are formed from melted rock deep inside the Earth. 

Sedimentary rocks are formed from layers of sand, silt, dead plants, and animal skeletons.

200
  1. What are the three main types of rocks involved in the rock cycle?

Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic.

200
  1. Explain the process of deposition and how it leads to the formation of sedimentary rocks.

Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementing together of loose sediment,

300
  1. Name two common types of igneous rocks.
  • Intrusive rocks.
  • Extrusive rocks.
300

How can the presence of fossils in sedimentary rocks provide evidence of past environments?

 Sedimentary rocks can provide evidence of past environments through the identification of specific organisms and their known environmental preferences.

300
  1. What factors can cause metamorphic rocks to form?

High heat and high pressure.

300
  1. How does the process of weathering and erosion contribute to the rock cycle?

Weathering (breaking down rock) and erosion (transporting rock material) at or near the earth's surface break down rocks into small and smaller pieces. These smaller pieces of rock (such as sand, silt, or mud) can be deposited as sediments that, after hardening or lithifying, become sedimentary rocks.

300
  1. How do heat and pressure contribute to the formation of metamorphic rocks in the rock cycle?

They can change the rock's texture, color, and the shape of its crystals.

400
  1. How are intrusive igneous rocks different from extrusive igneous rocks?

Extrusive rocks are formed on the surface of the Earth from lava.

Intrusive rocks are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet.

400
  1. What are some common characteristics of sedimentary rocks that can help identify them?

 Sedimentary rocks often have distinctive layering or bedding.

400
  1. How does the texture of a metamorphic rock relate to its formation process?

Rock texture is changed by heat, confining pressure, and a type of pressure called directed stress.

400
  1. What happens to sedimentary rocks when they undergo metamorphism?

The heat generated by the magma chamber has changed these sedimentary rocks into the metamorphic rocks marble, quartzite, an hornfels.

400
  1. Describe the process of melting and solidification that occurs in the formation of igneous rocks within the rock cycle. How does it work?
Igneous rocks are formed when molten hot material cools and solidifies.


500
  1. What is the term used to describe the texture of igneous rocks with large, visible crystals?

PHANERITIC TEXTURE

500
  1. How do the size and shape of sediment grains in a sedimentary rock provide clues about the energy of the environment in which it was formed?

The grain size, shape, and sorting within the rocks that are composed of rock fragments indicate the energy of the water, wind, or glaciers transporting the sediments, as well as the length of time or distance the sediment was carried.

500

What are some common minerals found in metamorphic rocks and how do they contribute to their characteristics?

Kyanite, garnet, sillimanite, andalusite, and corundum.

500
  1. How do igneous rocks form and what role do they play in the rock cycle?

Igneous rocks form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies.

500
  1. How do the processes of compaction and cementation contribute to the formation of sedimentary rocks in the rock cycle?

Compaction and Cementation reduce the available pore space and expel much of the pore water.

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