Asexual
How many parents are required?
One
What type of offspring are produced?
Genetically diverse - 50/50 half from mother, half from father
What type of cells divide using mitosis?
Body cells
How many checkpoints are there in the cell cycle?
3
The result of one parent that created a genetically exact copy of itself
Clone
What type of offspring are produced?
Genetically identical
How many parents are required?
Two
Mitosis produces two _________ daughter cells with the same DNA as the parent cells
Identical
Define the term "checkpoint" in the cell cycle.
A Checkpoint is a stage in the cell cycle where the cell “decides” whether to move forward with cell division.
What is Mr.An's least favourite and favourite subject?
Least: english
Most: science (+bonus for saying physics)
What type of cell division takes place?
Mitosis
How many homologous pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23
How many cells are created in mitosis?
Two
What is another term used for cancer? (Hint: 3 words) + (Bonus +100 for stating a fact about cancer cells)
Uncontrolled cell division
Bonus:
Cancer cells are not specialized, so they serve no function
Cancer cells attract blood vessels and grow into tumours.
Cells from tumors can break away to other areas of the body
How many chromosomes do the Egg (female) or sperm (male) cells contain in Human beings?
23
What are two disadvantages to asexual reproduction?
Any of these responses: No diversity, cannot control population growth, low chances of evolution, parents pass on any disease or defect
By which process do human somatic cells reproduce? (Bonus + 100 for explaining what somatic cells are)
Mitosis; somatic cells are normal human cells (ex. hair, eye, skin, heart cells etc).
What are the names of the 4 phases in mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
Name 2 things that are different (visually) between healthy cells and cancer cells (must name both). (1 time bonus for additional answers + 100).
Cell shape and size
Shape of nuclei
# of nucleolus
Chromatins
Name 1 type of asexual reproduction and how it works. (+100 bonus for others).
Binary Fission
Budding
Spore formation
Vegetative propagation
Fragmentation
What are 3 advantages of asexual reproduction?
Any of the following: faster reproduction, only one parent needed, majority of cases an offspring is produced, growth period is short, lower chance of mutation
What are the names of the male AND female reproductive cells? (Bonus +200) for naming the process in which the two fuse/combine together to form a zygote).
Male: sperm cells
Female: egg cells
Bonus: Fertilization
Name 2 phases in mitosis and explain briefly what is happening. (Bonus + 100 each for others you can explain)
Prophase: spindle fibers form + attach to the centromeres of chromosomes
Metaphase: chromosomes align on equator (middle) of cell
Anaphase: spindle fibres pull sister chromatids to opposite poles of cell
Telophase: In this final stage of mitosis, spindle fibres disappear and a nuclear membrane forms around each separated set of chromosomes
For each checkpoint in the cell cycle, briefly explain what is being "checked".
1st: large enough cell, has enough nutrients, DNA is not damaged
2nd: DNA is not damaged, DNA is replicated properly
3rd: chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibres properly
Which process of cell division is used in sexual reproduction?
Meiosis