Asexual Reproduction
Budding
Process of producing an individual through the buds that develop on the parent body.
Meiosis
The process by which cells divide that results in daughter cells with half the amount of genetic material compared to the parent cell.
Genotype
The genetic makeup of an individual organism.
Aa or AA
Dominate
An allele, a gene, or a trait that is expressed.It will be the one that is shown over the recessive allele, a gene, or a trait.
Male is shown as
Square
Bianary Fission
When cell (often referred to as a parent cell) that divides.
The parent cell divides into two, each daughter cell carrying a nucleus of its own that is genetically identical to the parent.
Gametes
The male or female reproductive cell that contains half the genetic material of the organism.
Phenotype
A phenotype is defined as an observable physical trait that is partially determined by genotype.
An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Recessive
n order to have a trait that is expressed by a recessive gene, such as blue eyes, you must get the gene for blue eyes from both of your parents.
Female is shown as
Circle
Fragmentation
The parent body divides into several fragments and each fragment develops into a new organism.
Zygote
When two gametes meet — that is, a sperm cell and an ovum ( mature egg) — you get a zygote, a fertilized egg.
Alleles
Different versions or types of a gene. It's the amino acids that change.
YY
Homozygus
Disadvantages of asexual reproduction
- No genetic variability in organisms of a same species.
- The species does not adapt at all or adapts very slowly when circumstances change.
- There is only one parent to take care of the offspring.
- The parent sometimes disappears because its body no longer exists (fission).
- An asexual species runs the risk of suddenly disappearing because of a catastrophe that affects all organisms of the species that are genetically identical.
Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction
- Finding a reproductive partner
- Lots of energy required (9 months) to reproduce and make offspring.
- Timing has to be exact for the reproduction process to start to occur.
- 2 gametes for fertilization, 1 male and 1 female
- The genetic results are unpredictable
- More genetic errors
- Offspring are not necessarily as well adapted to their environment as the parents.
results that take place because of Meiosis
Goes through DNA replication
Goes through cell division
Creates daughter cells
Daughter cells have 23 chromosomes
Creates 2 daughter cells also then
Creates 4 daughter cells
Aa
Hetrozygus
Advantages of Asexual Reproduction
- Time Efficient; no need to search for mate
- Requires less energy to reproduce
- Produces a new organism that is genetically identical to its parent.
- Offspring is usually well adapted to its environment because of the success of its parent
Advantages of Sexual Reproduction
- Produces a new organism that results from a combination of traits of two parents
- Increases the genetic variability in organisms of the same species.
- Allows the best adaptations to be widespread within a species, especially in changing circumstances
- 2 parents can watch over offspring
Traits
A specific characteristic that an organism can hold or portray.