Basic terms
The process of systematically and carefully investigating a subject.
What is research?
This is assessed through careful evaluation of articles and studies conducted and published.
What is determining validity?
These describes this type of research:
Quantify frequency and degree with which phenomena occur
Test hypotheses about relationships between variables
Answers questions like why and how using large sample sizes
What is quantitative research?
The broadest group which the study results should be applicable.
What is Target population?
This pertains to the subject's answers remaining unidentifiable to the patient to allow for honesty.
What is anonymity?
Formulate problem, create key word lists, conduct literature search, postulate hypotheses
Design a study and Collect the data
Process and Analyze the data
Interpret and communicate the findings
What is the research process?
Assessing how well a study was designed, conducted and interpreted.
What is internal validity?
These are the 4 main types of relationships between variables.
What are Direct, Mediating, Moderating, Spurious relationships?
Consists of eligible members of the sample population
What is study population?
When participants are told what the study is about, the research procedures, are told their participation is voluntary and may withdraw at any time.
What is informed consent?
A variable that is the concrete and specific definition of something in terms of the operation by which observations are to be categorized. It is based on the nominal definition and indicates how the concept will be measured. (i.e. using this scale below, over the last month how many classes have used Jeopardy in class? 0-1, 1-3, 3-5)
What is an operational variable?
This is another term for external validity.
What is generalizability?
This inquiry may use autobiographies, personal letters, family stories, etc. to get In-depth understanding and describe of the type and range of phenomena to identify variables.
What is qualitative research?
All cases and all controls must meet the same _____________ unless related to disease status.
What is eligibility status?
This pertains to the subject's answers remaining known but not revealed and are protected
What is confidentiality in research?
A variable that is formulated to clearly describe what is meant by the concept. It has more than one attribute and is capable of varying in our study.
It is chosen for inclusion and has been operationalized for use in our study. (i.e. male, female, transgender)
What is a nominal variable?
Maturation, History, Testing, Selection Bias, Attrition, Instrumentation changes, Attrition, and Confounding are the threats to this.
What are threats to validity?
This method draws on both quantitative and qualitative methods of studies.
What is Mixed method?
The names of three electronic databases that you would use to conduct a literature search on cultural populations.
What is medline, psychinfo, socindex, (etc.)?
The way to survey children under the age of 18, with parental consent.
What is assent?
This research is Empirical, Systematic, Objective, Collaborative, and Replicative. It also avoids common errors of inquiry such as Overgeneralization, Inaccurate Observation, Ego-Involvement and Minimizes bias.
What is evidence based research?
A cause of, or closely related to the IV; a cause of the DV, NOT caused by the DV. Not a meditating variable.
What is a confounding variable?
Temporality, Association, and Rule out alternative explanations are the criteria for this.
What criteria must be met to support causality?
They are the keywords to make a list from a study conducted to determine whether early childhood trauma is a risk factor for Major Depression in adolescence ages 13-18 at a hospital setting.
What does abuse, neglect, trauma, childhood, adolescence, major depression, hospital, and psychiatric treatment have in common?
A study that provides an accurate description of the target population, if the study has a representative sample and uses valid measures and are also used to examine relationships between variables and to generate etiologic hypotheses.
What is a cross-sectional study?