Affects on Assessments
The test measures what it says it measures
What is validity?
Name the five principals of an intake evaluation?
1. thorough
2. variety of modalities
3. valid
4. reliable
5. tailored to the patient
T/F the term standardized is synonymous with norm referenced?
False, it is not synonymous. any test can be standardized as long as uniform test administration and scoring are used
Difficulty with speaking standard american english when it is not the native language
What is a language difference?
Involves the collection of data to decide whether there is a strong likelihood that an individual does or does not have a problem that will require a complete evaluation
-results generally yield a pass or fail based on a cut off score
What is screening?
Match between the stated purpose of the test and the actual content
What is face validity?
List the steps in the scientific method
1. Read Case History
2. Formulate Hypotheses
3. Select Tools
4. Collect Data
5. Analyze Data
6. Accept/Reject Hypotheses
7. Generalize the Data
shows whether or not the test taker has knowledge of the material. it does not compare the test takers performance to his or her peers
What is criterion referenced?
When a language difference become a disorder
to be considered a disorder the difficulty must be present in all the languages spoken by the client
If a child has two or more languages spoken in the home may go through this
What is a silent period?
Items on the test measure what they say they measure
What is content or construct validity?
What ASHA say about an evaluation report
Comprehensive speech-language evaluation addresses speech, language, cognitive-communication and/or swallowing function in children and adults, including identification of impairments, associated activity and participation limitations and context barriers and facilitators
compares the test taker's performance to his or her same aged peers. it does not measure knowledge of material
What is norm referenced?
Identify some indicators that a child will likely outgrow a language delay
1. Effective nonverbal communication
2. Strong language comprehension
3. Good Articulatory accuracy
4. Complexity of syllable structures
5. Typical developmental error pattern
the test agrees with other tests in deciding whether the child is normal or disordered
What is concurrent?
Inappropriate instrumentation, hypothesis guessing, evaluation apprehension, experimenter expectancy, the Rosenthal Effect
What are some threats to construct validity?
A comprehensive speech-language evaluation is conducted according to what?
Fundamental Components and Guiding Principles
Z score; calculated by taking the raw score and transforming it to a common scale. It is based on a normal distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15.
What is a standard score?
typically used to measure performance on subtests within a test battery
What are scaled scores?
the test yields consistent and accurate results
what is reliability?
The test correlates strongly with other tests that measure the same thing
What is criterion related validity?
Represents a range of standard scores in which the patient's true score is likely to fall a certain percentage of the time
What is the confidence interval?
What is the empirical rule for a normal curve?
- 68% of all outcomes will fall within one standard deviation of the mean
- 95% of all outcomes will fall within two standard deviations of the mean
- - 99.7% of all outcomes will fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean
term that is used when a patient has a high degree of variability in scaled scores
What does scatter mean?
Split half: scores on the first half of the test are compared to the scores on the second
Odd-even: even numbered items are compared to odd numbered
What is internal consistency?