Five Categories of Claims
The Toulmin Model of Argument
Why do we research?
The essential building blocks of research writing
very dangerous misc. and extra column
100

Is it real? Is it a fact? Did it really happen? Is it true?
Does it exist?



What are Claims of fact?
 

100

This is the main point, the thesis, the controlling idea of the argument.

What is a claim?

100

Mankind has always wondered about the meaning of its own being and has sought to understand and decode the world which surrounds it, guided by an infallible and innate weapon: the will to knowledge (Do germs cause diseases? Is the earth round?)

What is Curiosity?

100

A definite or clear expression [statement] about an area of concern or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature.

What is a Problem?

100

Can i have 10 dollars?

Yes

200

How did this happen? What led up to this? What are its effects? What will this produce?

What are Claims of cause?

200

The ______, also known as evidence, proof, data, arguments, or grounds of the argument.

What is the support?

200

Research is the engine of progress and development for the individual and society in general. It is directed at the pursuit of knowledge that has concrete applications in our everyday lives (e.g., finding a plumber or discovering the origin of life).

What is Growth?

200

Research problems are often analyzed around critical
______(s) that must be investigated. These ______(s) can be explicitly listed in the introduction or implied in the text.

What is a Question?

300

What is it? What is it like? How should it be classified? How can it be defined? How do we interpret it? Does its meaning shift in particular contexts?

What are Claims of definition?

300

______ are the generally accepted beliefs and values, common ways our culture or society views things; because they are so commonplace, ______ are almost always unstated and implied.

What is a Warrant?

300

This block of research writing provides a _______ of the results and the implications on the field, as well as other fields.

What is Discussion/conclusion?

300

Spin the wheel

400

What should we do? How are we to act? What _____
should we take? What course of action should we take to solve this problem?

What are Claims of policy?

400

Because argument is about probability and possibility, not about certainty, you should not use superlatives like all, every, absolutely or never, none, no one. Instead you may need to _______ (tone down) your claim with expressions like many, many times, some or rarely, few, possibly.

What is a Qualifier?

400

The physical process of gathering information + the mental process of deriving the answer to your question from the information you gathered. This block provides the reader with all the details of how the researcher conducted his/her study.

What is Research?

400

May I have 10 dollars?

No

500

Is it good or bad? Beneficial or harmful? Moral or
immoral? Who says so? What _____ system
will be used to judge? 

What are Claims of value?

500

Taking into consideration other conflicting viewpoints and deal with them fairly. Failing to do this will weaken your own argument and subject it to attack and counter-arguments.

What is a Rebuttal?

500

Findings that are directly related to the research or the problem. It presents and reports major findings, but not discuss them.

What are Results?

500

Name a Maroon 5 song.

What is This Love?

M
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