Vocabulary 1
An experiment in which subjects are assigned randomly to an experimental group that receives treatment or other manipulation of the independent variable and a comparison group that does not receive the treatment or receives some other manipulation. Outcomes are measures in a posttest
True Experiment
A true experiment must have at least ______ things
3
A repeated cross-sectional design is also known as what?
Trend studies
True or false
In experiements with a pretest, time order can be established by comparing posttest to pretest scores.
True
Problems caused by panel members growing weary of repeated interviews and dropping out of a study or becoming so used to answering the standard questions in the survey that they start giving stock or thoughtless answers
subject fatigue
In an experiment, the group of subjects that receives the treatment or experimental manipulation
Experimental group
How many points in time does a study need to be to be considered longitudinal?
2
What design is often called a "cohort study"?
Event based design
What is the opposite of an ecological fallacy?
Reductionist Fallacy (reductionism or individualist fallacy)
The level of social life on which a research question is focused, such as individuals, groups, or nations
Unit of analysis
The group of subjects who are either exposed to a different treatment than the experimental group or who receive no treatment at all
Contol (comparison) group
Sampson and Raudenbush's (1999) study (informal social control) is an example of what type of study design?
Cross-sectional deisgn
Give an example of a type of sample in a event-based design (aka cohort study)
Possible Answers:
-Birth cohorts
-Seniority cohorts
-School cohorts
What is the prerequisite for meeting each of 3 criteria for an experiment to be considered true?
maintain control over teh conditions subjects are exposed to after they are assigned to the experimental and comparison groups
A type of longitudnal study in which data are collected at 2 or more points in time from different samples of the same population
Repeated Cross-sectional design (aka trend study)
A procedure by which each experimental subject in a group randomly
random assignment
Name the cons of collecting data for a longitudinal study
Lack of longterm funding, not being able to locate original participants
What type of fallacy is it when there is an error that occurs when incorrect conclusions about group-level processes are based on individual-level data?
Reductionish fallacy (reductionism)
The experimental group is also known as what kind of variable?
independent variable
Variables that are influenced by an independent variable and, in turn, influence variation in a dependent variable, thus helping to explain the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
Intervening variables
A study in which data are collected at only one point in time
cross-sectional research design
How many types of longitudnal designs are there?
3
True or false
Nonexperimental research designs can be either cross-sectional or longitudnal.
True
The control or comparison group is also known as what kind of variable
dependent variable
An error in reasoning in which incorrect conclusions about individual-level processes are drawn from group-level data
Ecological fallacy