But, Why?
Why do we have research as a core value in social work and social work practice?
Research aims to provide the practical knowledge that social workers need to solve everyday problems experienced in practice.
What is the correct format of a research question?
Is "A" associated with "B" in population "C"?
Name 6 things that MUST be a part of an informed consent.
•Nature, extent and duration of participation
•Full disclosure of risks involved through participation
•Full disclosure of benefits to the participant through participation
•No penalty for participants who decline to participate
•The right to withdraw from participation at any time without consequence
•Assurance of privacy and confidentiality
•Safety from harm explained
•Proper debriefing and explanation of the study following participation
•Open offers for supportive services following participation
Signature of participant
In the Stanford Prison Experiment, Zimbardo didn't adequately do what before starting his study?
Inform participants about the exact nature of his study.
What are the two types of research that we do in social work?
Qualitative and Quantitative.
What are independent and dependent variables?
IV: a variable that can explain or that causes variation in another variable.
DV: The variable being changed or explained by a dependent variable.
What are the elements to voluntary participation?
•Consistent with social work’s values on self-determination
•Participants should have legal capacity to give consent
•Participants should be situated as to be able to exercise free power of choice
•Participants should not be subjected to force, fraud, deceit, duress, or other ulterior motive when giving consent
•Participants should have sufficient knowledge and comprehension of elements in the study to make an informed decision
•Children, prisoners, pregnant women, and those who may lack the capacity to give consent are special and protected cases
In the Standford Prison Experiment, name 3 things that went against the core values of social work research as it applies to the NASW code of ethics.
Lack of informed consent
Lack of voluntary participation
Lack of protection from harm
What is subjective knowledge?
What are mediating and moderating variables?
Moderators specify when a certain effect will hold, mediators speak to how or why such effects occur.
What is the difference between anonymity and confidentiality?
•Confidentiality involves keeping personal answers private and protected
•Anonymity involves removing all possible identifying information from a participant’s responses such as there is no reasonable manner in which a respondent could be identified from information provided during the study
During the study "Being Sane in Insane Places", how were participants protected from potential harm in the study?
Technically, they weren't. However, they were informed of all the potential risks associated with participation so they were able to participate voluntarily with all the information necessary to make an informed decision.
What is objective knowledge?
Our collective experiences, consensus, careful, and methodological.
What are conceptual and operational definitions?
*Conceptual definitions tell you what the concept means, what your constructs are by explaining how they are related to other constructs while an operational definition only tells you how to measure it.
What is an institutional review board?
•Studies involving human subjects need to obtain approval from an independent panel of professionals called an Institutional Review Board (IRB)
If I ask you to be in a study and offer you extra credit on your exam to do so - how am I being unethical in my research?
conflict of interest.
What is evidenced based practice?
Practice that is based in evidence. DUH
But actually:
using the best scientific evidence available in deciding how to intervene with individuals, families, groups, or communities.
What is inductive and deductive reasoning?
Inductive: begin with observations of a social phenomena. Observations and connections between concepts imply a theory. The theory is developed to explain observations.
Deductive: Begins with a theory about a social phenomena. Develop hypotheses based on explanations provided by theory. Data is gathered about individuals using theory and meaning to test the hypotheses. The data is analyzed and the hypotheses are assessed. Results are generalized back to the theory.
Why are institutional review boards important?
we cannot do research for our own morbid curiosity. There has to be an outside committee that looks over our proposals to make sure we are not doing more harm than good by engaging in research.
What do you need to do in order to make any results of a study generalizable?
the characteristics of the population need to mimicked in your sample.
randomization
power
lots of things.