Sampling Methods
Population
The group of participants who are not exposed to the independent variable
Control Group
In this type of experiment, one group of participants take part in both control and experimental tasks.
Repeated Measures Design
The names of the two types of data you can collect
Qualitative and Quantitative Data
The right to privacy (including details, remaining anonymous - unless consent has been provided)
Confidentiality
The smaller group that represents the population
Sample
The group of participants who are exposed to the independent variable.
The Experimental Group
In this experiment, different participants are used in each group. This means the participant is exposed to one condition or only does one task.
Independent Groups Design
The measures of central tendency
Must provide consent. Not pressured and no consequences for not participating.
Voluntary Participation
Type of sampling that is representative of the population. Every member has an equal chance of being selected as a participant.
Random Sample
The ________ _________ is manipulated in order to measure the effects on the ________ _________
Independent variable; Dependant variable
In this experiment design, there are two separate groups, matched on important characteristics
Matched Pairs Design
The three ways to collect data
(1. controlled lab, 2. direct questions, 3. in-depth investigations)
Experimental, Survey or Observational Methods
Participants can leave at any point of the experiment and must know this prior to the experiment
Right to Withdraw
Type of sampling that chooses participants who are most readily or easily available.
Convenience Sampling
Any variable other than the IV that can cause a change in the DV and therefore affect the results in an unwanted way.
Extraneous Variable
A fake treatment or inactive substance used in the control group or condition
Placebo
The extent to which an assessment tool actually measures what it is designed to measure
Validity
Discussing the results, correcting any attitudes or beliefs that have been changed during the study. This is done after the study.
Debrief
Stratified Sampling
Any other variable other than the IV that may have an unwanted effect on the DV, which can be confused with the effect of the IV
Confounding Variable
This procedure manipulates the order in which participants are exposed to experimental treatments to avoid Order Effects
Counterbalancing
The significance level of any data different, usually reported a the p value
Probability
This is allowed if participants may ruin the results, but they must be debriefed after
Deception