Hypotheses and Variables
Name 3 types of hypotheses
Directional, non-directional, null
Describe a lab experiment
Highly controlled experiment in a controlled, built for purpose environment.
Describe the term 'protection from harm'
participants are safe from anything that may cause the physical or psychological harm.
What is my favourite colour?
Pink, Green, Yellow
Yellow
Name a participant variable and a situational variable.
Age, gender, IQ, race
Room temp, background noise, weather
Describe a field experiment
Done in a natural environment e.g. school/hospital and the IV is manipulated by the researcher.
How do you address/fix the majority of ethical issues?
A debrief
Who is my favourite singer?
Coldplay, Dave, Beyonce
Beyonce
There will be a significant difference between the time taken to run 100m between people who have had 3 red bulls compared to people who have had 0 red bulls. DIRECTIONAL OR NON-DIRECTIONAL?
Describe a natural experiment.
Experiment done in a natural environment e.g. school/hospital. The researcher cannot manipulate the IV because it would be impractical/unethical e.g. gender/age/race.
Describe the term 'informed consent'
When participants are fully aware of what they need to do in the study and agree to be in the study.
What is my favourite food?
Mashed potatoes, cereal bars, strawberry's
Mashed potatoes
How could we standardise an experiment of the effects of coffee in memory?
Make sure everyone has the same amount of coffee.
Make sure they are all given the same time to complete the memory test.
Describe the term 'demand characteristics' and what type of experiment it is most likely to occur in.
When participants guess the aim of the study and therefore act differently - Lab study.
Right to withdraw
Protection from harm
Informed consent
Deception
How could we operationalise "the effects drinking prime on reaction time"
Drink 2 bottles of prime.
Complete a reaction time test e.g. ball drop test/how long it takes to react to a noise.
Describe the term 'cause and effect'
When the IV impacts the DV and there are minimal extraneous variables.
Describe the term confidentiality
Where ppts names/details are kept hidden from the findings of the research