Types of Research
This type of research can best establish a cause-and-effect relationship.
What is an experiment?
Before a research article can be published, this process is required to critique experimental methodologies, and assure the research is making a scientific contribution.
What is peer review?
The unethical study examining the long-term effects of syphilis on African American men took place in this Alabaman town.
What is Tuskegee?
A test that fails to measure what it is designed to measure lacks this.
What is validity?
1953, H.M. underwent surgery to control his seizures. Doctors removed tissue from the hippocampus. As a result H.M.'s memory was severely impaired. Psychologists studied H.M.'s memory function. Psychologists utilized this type of research.
What is a case study?
Drawing this kind of sample of people means everyone has the same probability of being chosen for the study.
What is a random sample?
The description of the experimental findings and the researchers’ interpretations are detailed in this section of an empirical article.
What is the discussion? (discussion section)
This administrative body is responsible for protecing the rights and welfare of human research subjects.
A psychologist observes Little Johnny's behavior in the classroom to record the number of times he is aggressive toward the teacher or other children. Little Johnny is less aggressive than usual in the presence of the psychologist. This is likely due to...
What is reactivity?
In this type of experimental design, each individual participates in all conditions of the experiment.
What is a repeated measures design?
This unique alphanumeric string assigned by a registration agency provides a persistent link to an empirical articles location on the internet.
What is a digital object identifier? // doi
Researchers in the Milgram experiment used this method to make participants believe that they were participating in a study on learning and memory.
What is active deception?
Dr. Torres is investigating the effects of a new diet on sleep quality. She found that participants on the new diet slept longer on average than the control group. However, she later discovered that the changes in sleep quality were due to age (younger individuals sleep better v. older - participants in diet group were younger). This alternative effect of age on sleep quality is referred to as:
What is a third-variable (confound)?
In order to learn about the political attitudes of all students enrolled at Utah State University, Professor Martinez randomly selected 900 of these students to complete a questionnaire. In this instance, all the students enrolled at Western Washington University are considered to be this.
What is the population?
This type of review method allows researchers to draw statistical conclusions from a large number of studies in a specific research area.
What is a meta-analysis?
Following World War II, these were the first guidelines created for the ethical conduct of human research.
What is the Nuremberg Code?
A survey shows that students who have computers in their homes have higher GPAs than students whose homes lack computers. The researcher concludes that having computers at home improves grades. This conclusion is incorrect. Why?
What is "correlation does not assume/imply causation?"
Dr. Farley, who observes social communication between baristas and customers at local coffee shop during the morning and early afternoon is using this type of research.
What is "naturalistic observation"? or (field observation)
Prior to assigning participants to receive a new anxiety treatment or a control (placebo), Dr. Wilson sorts participants on current anxiety scores (from highest to lowest) and forms dyads of participants with similar scores using this type of design.
What is a matched pairs design?
This organization is at the forefront of making scientific research available for the use of the public, industry, and scientific community. The organization is anon-profit group dedicated to "increasing openness, integrity, and reproducibility of scientific research".
What is the "Center for Open Science"?
The APA ethics principle of respect for persons states that participants must have the right to withdrawal from an experiment at anytime, using this term:
What is "self-determination"? (or autonomy)
This issue related to correlational research describes difficulties establishing causation when you do not know the order of events.
What is temporal precedence?