Can you describe those data?
Measures of central tendency
What are the mean, median, and mode?
Measures the direction and strength of a linear relationship between two quantitative variables.
What is correlation (or r)?
Type of statistics used to determine whether the results held up if an experiment was conducted repeatedly, each time with a new sample
What is inferential statistics?
You're a researcher and get statistical results: t(24) = 2.89, p = 0.043. This is your statistical decision.
What is reject the null hypothesis?
Cutoff point for determining whether or not results are statistically significant
What is the alpha level?
Calculated by adding all the scores and dividing by the number of scores
What is the mean?
A researcher wants to test a hypothesis according to which the mean rating of guilt will be higher for unattractive defendants than for attractive defendants. The appropriate statistical test would be the _____.
What is t-test?
This states that there is no relationship between the independent and dependent variable.
What is null hypothesis?
What we should do when the p-value is greater than alpha
What is accept the null hypothesis?
When the results of a study can be generalized to other subject populations, the study is said to have _____ validity.
What is external?
This is the mean, median, and mode of the following list of numbers: 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4
What is 3?
The statistical procedure you would use to determine if math majors, nursing majors, business majors and education majors all have the same average grade point average.
What is one-way ANOVA?
If a researcher rejects the null hypothesis because p < 0.05, but in actuality there isn't a real difference between the sample means, the research is making a __________.
What is Type I error?
A sample of seven randomly selected drivers are given a test to determine their reaction time to a sudden change in the driving course both with and without a front seat passenger. If the p value to determine whether the presence of a passenger increases reaction time is 0.0849, name the type of statistical test used AND explain the correct conclusion at the .05 level?
What is using a paired samples t-test & there is no evidence that the reaction time is increased/no significant difference?
A(n) _____ replication is an attempt to replicate precisely the procedures of a study to see whether the same results are obtained.
What is exact?
Statistical measure that indicates the average deviation of scores from the mean
What is standard deviation?
Type of test used when there is a specific prediction for the direction of the effect (ie the mean of 1 group will be higher or lower than another group)
What is one-tailed test?
Ethan concludes that there is no difference in the driving ability of drivers who have consumed one can of beer and those who have consumed three cans of beer. However, there actually is a difference in the driving ability of the drivers. In this case, Ethan has made a(n) _____ error.
What is Type II Error?
A bias toward publishing statistically significant results
What is publication bias?
A desired probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis
What is power?
Characterizes the amount of spread in a distribution of scores
What is variability?
A researcher would like to examine the effects of a gluten free diet and exercise on well-being. She categorizes people by whether they eat a gluten free or regular diet and whether they exercise regularly or non-regularly during the week. Then she measures their rates of well-being. Which test should she use?
What is two-way ANOVA?
Indicates that there is a low probability that the difference between the obtained sample means was due to random error
What is statistical significance?
This is why correlation does not equal causality
What are issues of directionality (no temporal precedence) and third/extraneous variables (don't have experimental control)?