Experimental Research
Variables that the researcher believes will affect response to the treatment are known as ______.
a. intervening
b. confounders
c. block
d. dependent
Confounders
Data stripped of personal information, such as names and phone numbers is called ______.
a. geospatial data
b. de-identified data
c. human subject data
d. public use data
de-identified data
What is a primary source in historical and comparative methods?
a. direct manifestations of the phenomena
b. narratives about the phenomena
c. locating and comparing multiple sources on one topic or event
d. a study of the history of a society
direct manifestations of the phenomena
The design of multiple approaches, policies, or programs to address the problem of interest is referred to as ______.
a. agenda setting
b. policy implementation
c. policy formation
d. evaluation
policy formation
Which of the following terms is the idea that positivist and interpretive paradigms underlie quantitative and qualitative methods and since the two kinds of paradigms are incompatible, the two kinds of methods are incompatible?
a. methodological exclusivism
b. incompatibility thesis
c. mixed methods
d. sequential exploratory
incompatibility thesis
All of the following are identified as threats to internal validity with the exception of ______.
a. selection bias
b. maturation
c. association
d. testing
association
Which of the following uses of secondary data requires IRB approval?
a. using data that meets the definition of human subject data
b. using publicly available data
c. using de-identified data
d. using data that does not contain private information, such as names
using data that meets the definition of human subject data
What is an open forum?
a. a forum that does require a user account to post
b. a forum that brings together people who sell drugs
c. a forum that does not require a user account to make posts
d. a forum that got entirely reposted online
a forum that does require a user account to post
Which of the following types of evaluation is used to understand if an existing program is changing over time?
a. process evaluation
b. needs assessment evaluation
c. summative evaluation
d. outcome evaluation
process evaluation
Which of the mixed methods designs is best used for triangulation?
a. concurrent
b. sequential exploratory
c. sequential explanatory
d. thematic
concurrent
Natural changes to subjects taking part in an experiment that threaten internal validity are known as ______.
a. history
b. instrumentation
c. testing
d. maturation
maturation
Which of the following agencies collects data about economic conditions in the U.S. labor force that can be used to encourage economic growth and improve standards of living for Americans?
a. Department of Commerce
b. Federal Bureau of Investigation
c. Center for Disease Control and Prevention
d. Department of Justice
Department of Commerce
patial-statistical methods that use locations where recorded crime incidents occurred to identify areas with non-random, high concentrations of crime events is called ______.
a. hot spot mapping
b. risk terrain modeling
c. predictive policing
d. map legend
hot spot mapping
Reduced recidivism is an example of which of the following logic model components?
a. inputs
b. outputs
c. long-term outcomes
d. short-term outcomes
short-term outcomes
Which of the following advantages of mixed methods is using the results of one method to guide the creation of instruments, the selection of cases, and the analytic strategies of another?
a. Development
b. Initiation
c. Triangulation
d. Expansion
Development
Which of the following experiments features randomization?
a. one-shot case study
b. static group design
c. Solomon Four Group design
d. before-and-after design
Solomon Four Group design
Which of the following reporting programs provides detailed information pertaining to murder and manslaughter?
a. Uniform Crime Reporting Program
b. Summary Reporting System
c. Supplemental Homicide Reports
d. National Incident Based Reporting System
Supplemental Homicide Reports
Which of the following type of crime analysis has the goal of quickly clearing criminal cases by collecting data, identifying patterns, and developing possible leads?
a. strategic
b. tactical
c. administrative
d. educational
tactical
Increased justice and safer communities are examples of which logic model components?
a. inputs
b. outputs
c. long-term outcomes
d. short-term outcomes
long-term outcomes
Which of the following is an advantage of sequential explanatory methods?
a. Qualitative study is conducted prior to initiating a quantitative analysis
b. Findings of the qualitative study are used to guide the subsequent quantitative study
c. The qualitative study typically is given priority and the quantitative analysis serves as a supplement
d. Explain incomprehensible statistical finding
Explain incomprehensible statistical finding
Issues with claims of causality in experimental research are caused by a failure to consider which of the following?
a. manipulation of variables
b. internal validity threats
c. reactive effect of testing
d. generalizability of findings
internal validity threats
The Uniform Crime Reporting Program data includes information from all of the following sources with the exception of ______.
a. local
b. state
c. federal
d. international
international
Local and municipal governments are examples of which of the following perspectives of application?
a. area of application
b. nature of application
c. approach of application
d. design of application
area of application
Evaluator credibility is a criterion associated with which of the following standards of an effective evaluation?
a. feasibility
b. propriety
c. utility
d. accuracy
utility
Which of the following is a solution for researchers who specialize in quantitative research and have relatively little training and experience with qualitative methodologies?
a. methodological exclusivism
b. thematic analysis
c. fundamental principle of mixed research
d. incompatibility thesis
thematic analysis