Validity
How well a conceptual variable is operationalized
Construct
A participant provides a consistent pattern of responses, regardless of how the researcher has phrased the question;
Internal
summary of the article; read it to figure out what the article is about.
Abstract
The variable that is manipulated
Independent
every member of the population of interest has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
probability/random sampling
generalizability
External
consistent scores no matter who does the measuring.
Inter-Rater
explains the topic of the study, describes the theoretical and empirical background for the research, and states the specific research goals for the current study
Introduction/Background
The variable that is measured
Dependent
Clusters of participants within a population of interest are randomly selected, and then all individuals in each selected cluster are used.
Cluster sampling
How well a study rules out alternative explanations
Internal
Consistent scores every time the measure is used
Test-Retest
how the researchers conducted the study; includes subsections on participants, materials, procedure, and apparatus.
Methods
a specific prediction based on theory
hypothesis
Sampling only those who are easy to contact
Convenience sampling
How well a study minimizes statistical errors
Statistical
A relationship between two variables
Correlation
describes the statistical tests used and the quantitative or qualitative results of the study.
Results
Something that could potentially vary but that has only one level in the study in question.
constant
a variation on purposive sampling in which participants are asked to recommend other participants for the study.
Snowball sampling
Concurrent and Predictive validity are both types of...... validity
Criterion
the statistic usually used to evaluate internal reliability.
Cronbach's Alpha
summarizes the study and discusses the study’s significant contributions and perhaps alternative explanations for their results.
Discussion/Conclusion
An actor who is directed by the researcher to play a specific role in a research study.
confederate
A multistage technique in which the researcher selects specific demographic categories (such as race or gender) and then randomly selects individuals from each of the categories.
Stratified random sampling