Ethics Ch 3
What was the key ethical concern in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?
Researchers denied study participants penicillin in the 1940s.
When the researchers and the participants don't know which treatment group the participant is in, we call this a ________ ___________ ____________
double blind experiment
The variable a researcher manipulates in an experiment.
Independent Variable
What do we call observing behavior in its real world environment without interference.
Naturalistic Observation
What are two main types of sampling?
Nonprobability sampling and probability sampling
All participants give _________________ prior to participating research.
Informed consent
What is the fewest number of groups needed to conduct an experiment?
two
The variable a researcher measures as the outcome.
Dependent Variable
When multiple observers rate the same behavior, this measure ensures their ratings are consistent.
Interrater reliability
Asking people who are easy to reach, like grabbing your friends or whoever walks by, is an example of this common method.
Convenience sampling
Concocting methods or data that misrepresent aspects of a research study with the intent to deceive others is called:
Fabrication
What is a control group?
Those that didn't take a treatment so they can be used to compare the treatment group with
Describe the white board using quantitative measurement.
Height, length, area, etc.
When people act differently because they know they’re being watched.
Reactivity
In this method, every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, like pulling names from a hat.
Simple random sampling
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study led to which landmark report?
The Belmont Report
What is a treatment group?
Those that had a treatment during the experiment
Describe the classroom using qualitative data.
Color, smell, vibe, etc.
Observing behavior after it has already occurred by examining existing recordings or documents uses this method.
What is archival observation?
What do we call the entire group a researcher wants to generalize results to that we pull our sample from?
The population
This ethical principle requires researchers to keep participants’ identities and data private unless permission is given.
Confidentiality
The only research design that can establish cause and effect because the researcher manipulates a variable.
An experiment
Explain the difference between a categorical/nominal variable and a continuous variable.
Categorical/nominal has categories, continuous has a range of scores.
When a researcher takes an active, insider role in what they are studying we call this ________ __________.
participant observation.
This method relies on participants referring others, often used for hidden or hard-to-reach populations.
Snowball sampling