Intro to Research
What purpose of research provides initial familiarity with the topic
EXPLORATION
What is INFORMED CONSENT
A subject’s voluntary agreement to participate in research based on a full understanding of the research and of the possible risks/benefits involved
If you have a low level of knowledge on a topic, which type of research design would be the best approach?
EXPLORATORY
What is the difference between probability and non probability sampling methods?
Probability = everyone has an equal, random chance to be selected
Nonprobability = selection is based on non-random criteria and does provide equal opportunity for all
What is the lowest level of measurement?
Nominal data
What happens during PHASE II of the Scientific Method of Inquiry
Making an assumption on the basis of the observations and/or measurements
Are you ever allowed to not obtain informed consent for a participant?
NO; this would be unethical
When should you use an EXPLANATORY research question/design?
When you want to explain why particular phenomena work in the way that they do; answers “why” questions; also requires a high knowledge of the topic
What type of sampling relies on the closest and most available research participants to constitute a sample?
AVAILABILITY
Income is considered to be what type of measurement?
Interval (use to measure variables whose attributes have a true zero; can be added subtracted, multiplied, etc);
Give an example of how you gain knowledge through EXPERIENCE
- growing up in foster care gives first hand knowledge of what it is like versus someone who only watches movies about what it is like
If you only provide pieces of information on the research process to the participant, did you obtain informed consent?
NO; a participant must know fully what they are agreeing to in order to give full informed consent
TRUE or FALSE: If you want to explain WHY something happens, you would use a DESCRIPTIVE research question/design
FALSE; descriptive questions/design describes or defines a particular phenomenon; it does not explain the WHY
A professor tells her students to get into their assigned research groups and that she will be drawing from a hat, one of the groups to receive an automatic A.
CLUSTER RANDOM SAMPLING
What type of measurement of variables would use a scale for the response?
ORDINAL
TRUE or FALSE: During PHASE III of the Scientific Method of Inquiry, you test your assumption to see if it is true
TRUE
What are ethical considerations in "Step 4: Select a Sample" of the research process?
- not discriminating against who can take the survey
- making sure your sample has equal access (i.e. techonology, language barriers, etc)
Match the type of research question (Exploratory, Descriptive, Explanatory) to the correct question:
1. How many seniors expect to find a job within 6 months?
2. What concerns do college seniors have about life after graduation?
3. Does internship experience increase confidence about employment after graduation?
Exploratory = Question 2: This is exploratory in nature because you are exploring a new or unclear issue
Descriptive = Question 1: This is descriptive in nature because you are describing characteristics or patterns
Explanatory = Question 3: This explanatory in nature because you are testing relationships or causes
You have two participants sign up for a qualitative research study around families who have children with cleft lips. Since your two participants have a support community of families that have children with cleft lips, you ask them to reach out to the community to recruit additional members. This is an example of what type of sampling method?
SNOWBALL SAMPLING
Which is not a helpful tip/tricks when creating surveys?
Ask one question at a time
Use Likert Scales for Nuance
Watch Your Wording
Keep it short - 10-15 questions
Structure Matters
You want to make sure all of your questions stay on topic!
TRUE or FALSE: If you gain knowledge through AUTHORITY, you are believing that something is true because someone in a position of power told you it is true
TRUE
What are ethical considerations in "Step 7: Analyzing the Data"?
- can not lie about findings
- can not omit findings that do not support your hypothesis
Which of these is NOT a common characteristic social work researchers?
Allows own values to motivate their research and outcomes
Are skeptics
Share knowledge with others
Are honest
Have good research attitudes
Allows own values to motivate their research and outcomes
TRUE or FALSE: Stratified Random Sampling is when every person at an assigned interval in the sampling frame is selected to participate in the study
FALSE: Stratified Random sampling is when the sampling frame is divided into two or more strata (groups) to be sampled separately, using either a random or systematic technique
What are two weakness of using surveys as your data collection method?
- inflexibly
- Lack of depth