Vocabulary
What are solid particles that are moved from one place to another? (small pieces of rock)
sediments
What type of weathering breaks down rock by water, wind, or ice (the minerals that make up the rock do not change)?
What is the highest point of the wave called?
crest
What is the main process that shapes Earth's surface?
water running downhill
How were the canyons in Badlands National Park formed?
They were formed from moving water
What is the process of breaking down rock into smaller pieces?
weathering
What type of weathering changes the mineral makeup of a rock (happens when minerals react with other substances)?
Chemical Weathering
In the ocean, where is the wave energy the strongest?
at the water's surface
What causes sand dunes to form?
Wind
The Great Lakes
What is the process by which soil and sediments are transferred from one location to another?
Erosion
Plant roots grow into cracks in rocks and make the cracks larger. What is happening?
Mechanical weathering
How do tsunamis form?
underwater earthquakes
What mineral is increasing in the oceans due to erosion and deposition?
salt
Why do farmers plant cover crops?
to reduce the amount of erosion
What is the process of dropping off sediments in a new place after being carried from another place?
deposition
What causes erosion?
usually wind, water, ice, and/or gravity
Explain why a river deposits heavier sediments first and lighter sediments later as it flows along?
The river is losing energy and can only carry smaller sediments.
a longshore current can move sediment from the shoreline to an area in the water. What kind of landform does this movement create?
sandbar
When will the amplitude of waves be the smallest?
on a calm day
Explain the difference between weathering, erosion, and deposition.
Weathering = break down of rocks
Erosion = carrying of sediments
Deposition = dropping off of sediments
Mechanical weathering and chemical weathering are both processes that change Earth's surface. Describe each type of weathering and how they are similar and different.
Mechanical physically breaks down rock and chemical changes the makeup of rocks.
They are similar because they are both changing a rock.
They are different because mechanical does not change the mineral makeup of the rock and chemical does.
Check with teacher.
Overflow water and sediment from a flooded river most likely goes to the....
floodplain
Name 2 forces that change coastal landforms and give an example of each.
Waves - carry sediments and breakdown landforms
Wind - blows around sediments creating new landforms