Who
Who was forced to attend residential schools in Canada?
Indigenous children.
When did the first residential schools begin operating in Canada?
The 1800s (19th century).
Where in Canada were residential schools located?
Almost every province and the Northwest Territories.
What was the main goal of the residential school system?
To erase Indigenous culture and identity.
Why did the government create residential schools?
To assimilate Indigenous children into European culture.
Who mainly operated the residential schools alongside the government?
The Catholic and Anglican Churches.
When did the last residential school in Canada close?
1996
Where were the most residential schools located in Canada?
Ontario.
what were children punished for doing in residential schools?
Speaking their Indigenous languages.
Why are residential schools considered part of a harmful policy?
Because they were a form of cultural genocide.
Who apologized on behalf of the Canadian government in 2008 for residential schools?
Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
When did the Truth and Reconciliation Commission begin?
2008
Where was the Kamloops Indian Residential School located?
BC
What kind of mistreatment occurred in many residential schools?
Physical, emotional, and sexual abuse.
Why was the phrase “Kill the Indian in the child” used?
To describe the goal of erasing Indigenous identity.
Who is helping restore Indigenous culture and languages today?
indigenous Elders and community leaders.
When was the Indian Act passed, which helped set up the system?
1876
Where were children often sent—far from their families—to attend school?
Remote or rural areas.
What did many children suffer from due to poor conditions?
Illness, malnutrition, and neglect.
Why were churches involved in residential schools?
The government partnered with them to run the schools.
Who was the Indigenous leader that brought residential school abuse to national attention?
Phil Fontaine
When were residential schools most active?
From the 1880s to the 1990s.
Where is the National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation located?
Winnipeg, Manitoba.
What type of lasting damage did residential schools cause?
Intergenerational trauma.
Why did the government want to assimilate Indigenous children?
To take control of land and eliminate Indigenous cultures.