FLUIDS & ELECTROLYTES
This organ is wehre ammonia plays its most important role as a buffer.
What is the kidney
In a solution, this is the substance being dissolved.
What is a solute?
What is an N95 respirator?
This is the normal arterial blood pH range.
What is 7.35-7.45?
pH: 7.29 , PaCO2: 55 , HCO3-: 24
What is uncompensated respiratory acidosis?
Name the THREE routes from this list through which the body can LOSE water: GI tract, liver, lungs, skin
What is the GI tract, lungs, and skin?
Gas particles naturally do these TWO things when contained.
What are fill available space and exert pressure?
A surgical mask primarily reduces transmission by this route.
What is respiratory droplets?
Besides CO2 transport, this is a major role of bicarbonate in the body.
What is buffering / maintaining acid base balance?
pH:7.49 , PaCO2: 30 , HCO3-: 24
What is uncompensated respiratory alkalosis?
These two organs account fro insensible water loss.
What is the lungs and skin?
Give the charge of each: Na & Cl
What are Na+, Cl-?
An infection acquired during a healthcare stay that was not present at the time of admission.
What is a nosocomial/ hospital-acquired infection?
When one component of the acid-base regulatory system fails, the body's normal response is called this.
What is compensation?
pH: 7.31 , PaCO2: 31 , HCO3-: 17
What is partially compensated metabolic acidosis?
An isotonic solution has a tonicity most similar to this.
What are body fluids / 0.9% NaCl?
Name all five: O2, CO2, K, Na, H2O
What are oxygen, carbon dioxide, potassium, sodium, and water?
For infection to spread in healthcare, these THREE elements must be present.
What are a source of pathogens, susceptible host, and route of transmission?
Respiratory acidosis beings with this primary chemical change.
What is an increase in blood CO2?
pH: 7.48 , PaCO2: 48 , HCO3-: 32
What is partially compensated metabolic alkalosis?
This organ system maintains the normal HCO3- level of approximately 24 mEq/L.
What is the renal system/kidneys?
A solution contains NaCl dissolved in water. Identify the solute and the solvent.
What are NaCl= solute and water=solvent?
One destroys vegetative pathogens but may leave bacterial spores, the other destroys all microorganisms.
What are disinfection and sterilization?
Metabolic alkalosis begins with this primary chemical change.
What is an increase in blood HCO3-?
pH: 7.20 , PaCO2: 55 , HCO3-: 18
What is mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis?