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What are the major structures of the respiratory system?
What is the major function of the respiratory system
The nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, nostril, trachea, right and left lung.
Supply the body with O2 and dispose of CO2 but because it moves air, it also functions in speech and smell
What are the 2 zones of the respiratory system?
The nose functions by housing the __________ (smell) receptors
Conducting and respiratory
Olfactory
What is the function of the respiratory system?
It functions to exchange gas (O2 and CO2) and consists of nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and smaller branches, and lungs: make up the respiratory and conducting zones.
What’s is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system?
The vestibule is lined with what types of glands?
The nose
Sebaceous and sweat glands
What is the transport of respiratory gases?
The transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues via blood is called?
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues via blood
Internal respiration
The nose functions by providing an __________ for respiration
The nose functions by ___________ and warming the entering air
Air Way
Moistening
4 distinct processes must happen for ___________ to occur
Respiration
Structures of the nose are divided into the _____________________.
The divisions of the external nose are….
External nose and internal nasal cavity
Superior, lateral, inferior
The process of moving air into and out of the lungs (breathing) is called?
The process of gas exchange between the lungs and the blood Is called?
Pulmonary ventilation
External respiration
The nose functions by ___________ inspired air and cleaning it of foreign matter
The nose functions by serving as a ______________________ for speech
Filtering
Resonating chamber
What lines the superior nasal cavity; contains smell receptors?
What lines the majority of the nasal cavity; glands secrete mucus containing lysozyme and defensins to help destroy bacteria
Olfactory mucosa
Respiratory Mucosa
The bones of the nasal cavity are on the ______________
The roof of the nasal cavity is formed by the _______________
The floor of the nasal cavity is formed by the _______________, which separates the nasal cavity from the mouth.
Roof and floor
Ethmoid and sphenoid bones
Palate (maxillary and palatine bones)
NOTE: Anteriorly it is called the hard palate; the posterior muscular part is the soft palate
What are the 4 distinct processes for respiration to occur?
Pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport of respiratory gases, internal respiration
What secretes a watery fluid containing digestive enzymes?
Serous Cells
The respiratory mucosa consists of a _______________ containing scattered goblet cells and underlying C.T (lamina propria), which functions to filter the inhaled air
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Rich plexuses of capillaries and thin-walled veins occupy the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa and ___________________________ that flows across the mucosal surface.
Warm the incoming air
The conchae creates ____________ of inhaled air, which increases the amount of contact between the nasal mucosa and the air
_______ is a funnel-shaped tube of skeletal muscle that connects to the nasal cavity and mouth superiorly and larynx and esophagus inferiorly
Turbulence
Pharynx
______ provides rigid conduits for air to reach the sites of gas exchange; includes all other respiratory structures (e.g., nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea).
______ site of gas exchange; consists of bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli (all are microscopic structures)
Conducting zone
Respiratory zone
What are three mucosa covered structures project medially from each lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
What is the groove inferior to each concha?
Superior conchae, middle conchae, and inferior conchae
Meatus
The palate (maxillary and palatine bones) separates the nasal cavity from the _______________.
The anterior portion of the palate is called?
The posterior muscular portion of the palate is called?
Mouth
Hard palate
Soft palate
In the nasal cavity, air enters by via __________________.
The nasal cavity is divided into right and left halves by the ___________
Posterior to the nasal cavity, it is continuous with the nasopharynx through the __________________ (aka choanae or internal nares)
External nares
Nasal septum
Posterior nasal aperature
______ serves as a common passageway for both food and air.
What are the 3 regions of the pharynx (superior to inferior)
Pharynx
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
What are the functions of the nasal cavity?
What are the main components of the nasal cavity?
Humidifies air, warms air, remove contaminated mucus, enhances air turbulence and helps filter air
Lies in and posterior to the external nose
-Air enters by via external nares
-Divided into right and left halves by the nasal septum
-Posteriorly...continuous with the nasopharynx through the posterior nasal aperature (a.k.a. choanae or internal nares)
What are the main components of the vestibule?
Nasal cavity superior to the nares, within the flared wings of the external nose
-lined with sebaceous and sweat glands
-lined with numerous hairs (vibrissae), which filter large particles from inspired air
What is the underlying C.T. of respiratory mucosa that contains compound tubuloalveolar glands that contain mucous cells (secretes mucus) and serous cells (secrete watery fluid containing digestive enzymes)?
Lamina Propria